Pandanus leaves turn yellow what to do. Pandanus: spiral palm tree with aerial roots. Recommendations for home care. Reproduction by dividing the bush

Pandanus is an extremely interesting plant. It is very easy to grow it, you just have to adhere to simple rules. True, some gardeners are frightened by the gigantic size of an adult plant. But those who can allocate a spacious and warm corner for the development of pandanus on their living space will not regret it.

Description of pandanus

Pandanus or pandanus is an amazing plant. In nature, its dimensions are admirable. Some species have edible fruits. Inflorescences, roots, leaves are an integral part of traditional medicine and are even used in magical rites. Strong leaf veins are used as weaving material.

Pandanus is an amazing plant that the locals use everywhere

The tropics of the Eastern Hemisphere are the native land of the plant. In nature, there are about 750 species of pandanus. On the island of Madagascar alone, you can find almost 90 representatives of this species. The first description of the pandanus was made by the French botanist and traveler Jean-Baptiste Borie de Saint-Vincent. The original name, pandan, comes from the plant's Indonesian name.

Pandanuses grow in coastal areas, on sandy and rocky ground. They can be found in dry, mountainous and alpine forests, along the edges of volcanic craters and on their slopes. Coral reefs are also overgrown with these amazing plants.

Pandanuses grow in different places, but are more common in the coastal zone

Pandanus is often called a palm tree, more precisely, a spiral palm or even a pine tree. It is somewhat similar to dracaena. But pandanus has nothing to do with these plants.

The plant belongs to the genus of tree-like evergreens of the Pandanov family. Sometimes it develops as a bush. Pandanus is a powerful tree, the trunk height of which reaches 15 m, and often rushes to a height of 25 m. But at home, its size is much more modest - only 1.5 m. Young specimens do not grow very quickly. Mature plants grow their leaves more intensively.

Video: pandanus in natural habitat

The trunk is formed as the old leaves that have become obsolete are lost. Its surface, with traces of spirally growing leaves, resembles a screw (hence the name - spiral palm). The trunk can branch out like a dracaena. Another interesting feature of the pandanus is its roots. The adventitious or stilted roots extending from the trunk are an excellent anchor that holds the tree in place during strong winds and hurricanes. There are times when the trunk of the plant dies off, and then the aerial roots that have grown into the ground and are lignified become the support of the pandanus.

Powerful aerial or stilted roots help the pandanus hold in place during high winds

Leaves are narrow and long, linear in shape. The length sometimes reaches 3 - 4 m, width - 10 - 15 cm. They are located on the trunk in the form of a spiral, in 2 - 4 rows. The leaf plate is rigid, strewn with sharp teeth along the edge, and very much resembles a pineapple leaf.

The narrow and long pandanus leaves, with thorns at the edges, resemble pineapple leaves

The flowers are unisexual. Male ones are collected in inflorescences, similar to spikelets. Womens - resemble an ear or a cone. Fruits are red, fleshy. Something like a pineapple.

Pandanus flowers unisexual

Growing a pandanus at home is not difficult. You just need to take into account some of its features and observe simple conditions of detention. Pandanus is ideal for those who love fast-growing, but unpretentious plants. It is also suitable for novice florists, as it is ready to put up with some mistakes. The only drawback is that it requires a lot of space and in small rooms an adult plant will be cramped. The ease of maintenance and the beauty of the leaves that look like green fountains made this plant ideal for decorating winter gardens, spacious halls, hotel and restaurant interiors. At home and in countries with a warm climate, pandanus is used in landscape design.

Video: pandanus or helical palm

If there is a child in the house, then you need to explain to him that the pandanus leaves are thorny and should not be touched with your hands.

The only drawback of pandanus is that it needs a lot of space for normal development.

Types and varieties grown indoors

Of the huge variety of pandanus, only a few species can be found at home.

Photo Gallery: Domesticated Pandanus Species

Pandanus roofing is used as a material for roofs Pandanus Veitch is the most common in indoor floriculture Pandanus Sander leaves are decorated with a yellow strip located in the center The edges of useful pandanus leaves are strewn with red spines Pandanus Baptista has smooth leaf edges

Even such an undemanding plant as pandanus will be pleased if the grower creates conditions for it that are similar to natural ones.

Table: Seasonal Containment Procedures

Pandanus prefers bright, but diffused light

On many sites, there is information that pandanus and the street are incompatible things. Pandanus can be taken out on the street in summer, but under certain conditions. The temperature should be consistently warm, without sharp drops at night. The plant will be good on a glassed-in balcony. You can enjoy the fresh air during the day, and close the window at night so that the drop in temperature does not harm the plant. And yet, in such a secluded corner, the wind and drafts will not be scary.

Pandanus and Floriana

Due to its large size, pandanus is not suitable for growing in florariums. Even if it is placed there, the plant will experience difficulties, since it needs space for full growth. Grown in an unlimited space, pandanus looks great as a single plant and surrounded by other green fellows.

To unleash its potential, the pandanus needs unlimited space

Planting and transplanting

For normal development, the young pandanus needs to change the pot annually for 5 years. Moreover, the new pot should not be large in size, it is permissible to exceed the previous one by only 2 or 3 cm. The bottom should have holes to remove excess moisture. Young specimens can be planted in plastic containers. For large plants, you need to select a stable pot. When purchasing a pot, be sure to purchase a medium sized drain. For large containers, it is better to use the coarse fraction.

Adult pandanuses are transplanted no more than once every 3 years. The new container should be about 1/3 higher than the old one. Pot width is standard. The apparent power of aerial roots is actually very deceiving. They are very fragile, so transplanting is carried out exclusively by transshipment of the plant from one container to another. Removing such roots is strictly prohibited. So that they do not dry out, you can use wet moss wraps.

Aerial roots of pandanus are very fragile, so when transplanting, you need to act with extreme caution.

The tub plants are not transplanted at all. For them, it will be enough to replace the top layer of soil in the tub with a more nutritious one. This is done once a year or 2. When the pandanus is prepared for transplanting into a tub, not 1, but 3 parts of sod land are added to the prepared soil substrate so that the plant has enough nutrients for a long time.

To restrain the growth of pandanus, transplanting is carried out less often, producing, as in tubular specimens, only the replacement of the topsoil.

Soil for pandanus needs nutritious and loose, but contains a small amount of clay. You can use commercially available palm substrate. Fans of making soil mixtures with their own hands need to mix the following components in equal parts:

• greenhouse soil - 2 parts;
• clay soil - 1 part;
• peat - 1 part;
• coarse sand - 1 part.

Or such an option is sod and leafy soil, river sand and humus. The components are taken in equal parts.

When preparing the soil, mix all components well

Soil acidity also matters. A suitable pH is about 6.

Step by step transplant process

Store-bought pandanus cannot be transplanted immediately. The plant must definitely take time to adapt - about 10 days.

Does a pandanus need support?

In general, the pandanus does not need support. But there are situations when the flower begins to grow one-sided. This happens with overgrown and not transplanted plants in time, besides being in a room with dry air. In such conditions, aerial roots stop growing and cannot additionally support the flower. If you can't transplant, then put a support next to the pandanus - a strong bamboo stick will do.

There are situations in which the pandanus cannot withstand without support

Care

Even what it is jokingly called - an unkillable plant, like the pandanus, needs proper care. It is very easy and not difficult.

Watering and efficient feeding

Pandanus even grows on the coasts, where frequent flooding occurs, but in indoor culture it does not tolerate excessively moist soil. Moreover, if the pot, as they say, is for growth and the soil is heavy, poorly conducting water. The topsoil must dry out before the plant is watered again.

In summer, the plant is watered abundantly and the remaining water must be removed from the pan. In winter, you need to be more careful when moisturizing, especially if the pandanus is in a cool room. After the top layer has dried, you need to wait another 2 - 3 days before watering.

Watering should be sufficient so that moisture moistens the entire earthy ball, not the surface, leaving the roots dry.

Water the pandanus abundantly so that the moisture moistens the entire earthen lump

Under standard conditions, in summer, the frequency of watering is once a week, in winter - once every 2 weeks. But this is all conditional. You need to rely on the features of your conditions of detention. The hotter, the more often the watering will be, and vice versa.

In addition to waterlogging for pandanus, prolonged drying of the soil is extremely undesirable. Dried and yellowed leaves will not decorate the plant, but on the contrary, spoil the whole impression.

The irrigation liquid should settle and be at room temperature. When moistened with cold water, the plant can become stressed and stop growing. It is very good to water with melt or rain water. An excellent effect is given by bottom irrigation, in which the liquid should have a temperature of 35 0 C.

Liquid mineral fertilizers of universal purpose are used as top dressing. Nutrition is introduced in the spring-summer period 2 times a month. In winter, it is reduced to 1 time per month.

The transplanted plant begins to be fertilized only after a month or a half. All this time, the pandanus will completely manage the nutrients available in the soil.

Any universal fertilizer is suitable for pandanus

In order to control growth, feeding is minimized or stopped altogether. Without nutrition, pandanus growth is greatly slowed down.

Flowering period

This amazing plant blooms only in the wild. When grown in a room, flowering does not occur. But from time to time there are statements that, although rare, the plant produces flower stalks at home.

Dormant period

The plant does not have a pronounced dormant period. But in winter, the pandanus practically stops growing. Top dressing and watering at this time is rarely and carefully. The temperature can be lowered slightly so that the plant rests fully, because growth will continue in a warm room.

But what really does not hurt is the additional illumination. In the period from autumn to spring, daylight hours for pandanus should last at least 8-10 hours. Therefore, the plant must be illuminated for up to 6 hours a day. To do this, a fluorescent lamp is installed at a distance of a meter from the flower.

In winter, pandanus needs to be supplemented

Crown formation

It is not necessary to specially form the crown of the pandanus, since the plant has an apical growth type. In an adult plant, the trunk forms itself, as the lower leaves fall. In indoor conditions, only single-barreled species are grown.

In nature, as well as when grown at home, the pandanus itself forms the trunk.

Sometimes the trunk is overgrown with numerous children. Many growers leave them so that the lower bare part of the plant looks more magnificent. But this is a matter of taste. You can root these shoots and get new plants.

To give the pandanus an aesthetic appearance, you need to periodically trim the dry ends (if any). Trimming is done so that a small area of \u200b\u200bdead tissue remains, which will prevent further drying out.

How care errors appear and what to do to correct the situation

As already noted, the pandanus is very unpretentious. To grow a flower at home, you do not need to create any special conditions for it. But the inexperience of the grower can be the reason why the plant suddenly stops growing or its leaves begin to turn yellow. To improve the situation, you need to understand the error in time and eliminate it.

Table: care errors and their elimination

Photo gallery: common mistakes made when growing pandanus

Dry and brown leaf tips - evidence of insufficient watering and low air humidity From excessive lighting, pandanus leaves become light, almost white Necrotic spots on the leaves - the result of sunburn

Diseases and pests

Pests and diseases are extremely rare on this hardy plant. But, I repeat, improper care can be the catalyst that provokes fungal diseases and the appearance of pests.

Table: pandanus diseases and pests, control measures and prevention

Ecology of life. House: This species can often be found in indoor conditions, and all thanks to the decorativeness of its leaves.

This species can often be found in indoor conditions, and all thanks to the decorativeness of its leaves. Pandanus Veech has narrow, dark green leaves adorned with contrasting longitudinal white stripes. The leaves themselves in an adult plant reach a length of about 1 meter.

​​Pandanus in natural conditions

The genus Pandanus (Pandanus) belongs to the Pandanov family, and includes about 600 species. The natural habitat of this genus is Australia, Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands. In natural conditions, plants are tree palms or lianas, evergreen, they grow up to 15 meters in height. There are plants that resemble a lush bush in appearance.

As a rule, all plants of the species form aerial roots, which not only serve as roots, but also serve as additional support for the plant.

Leaves and plants of this species resemble dracaena leaves in shape, they have a xiphoid shape. But unlike dracaena leaves, pandanus leaves are tougher and are covered with rather sharp notches along the edge. In most plants of this species, the leaves grow, as if twisting along the trunk. This is where the second name of the plant came from - a spiral palm tree. But in fact, the plant is not a palm tree, but over time acquires the appearance of a palm tree, since the lower leaves gradually die off and the trunk of the plant becomes bare. In an adult plant, a rather high trunk is formed, with branches of aerial roots.

In indoor conditions, the plant blooms very rarely, its flowers are collected in dense racemose inflorescences of yellowish color.

In natural conditions, there are species with edible leaves and fruits. Such species are not grown indoors.

It is also worth paying attention to the fact that the plant belongs to tall and in the conditions of the room it will need quite a lot of space.

Pandanus home care

Lighting location in the house

This plant is not very demanding for lighting, it grows well both in bright light and in partial shade. But in partial shade, the contrast of the leaves can fade. Young plants can be kept on the windowsill, but an adult plant will no longer fit there, and you should think about equipping a place near the window. The conditions of shade and partial shade will not harm the helical palm, the plant will eventually adapt to the change in the lighting regime. Only variegated forms of pandanus are especially demanding for lighting.

From time to time, the plant should be turned, so that it does not grow one-sided, and does not stretch to one side.

Temperature regime

The plant thrives at normal room temperature, the usual regime should be in the range from 24 to 28 ⁰С. In winter, the temperature regime must not be allowed to drop below 18⁰С. Otherwise, the plant may start to hurt.

It is also worth noting that pandanus does not tolerate drafts well and, as a rule, after being under a stream of cold air, it begins to hurt.

Air humidity mode

the optimum air humidity for keeping this plant is 60%. On hot days, the plant needs to be sprayed, but care must be taken so that water does not get into the leaf axils, otherwise they can rot. In winter, you should not put a pot with a plant near heating devices and radiators; in dry air, the tips of the leaves begin to dry out at the pandanus. You should also periodically wipe the leaves of the plant with a damp cloth, removing dust and moistening them, but this must be done carefully, otherwise you can injure your hands on thorns.

Watering mode

During the period of active growth, the plant should be watered abundantly, but you should not pour the pandanus, the plant will survive a short-term stagnation of water normally, but from a long period it may start to rot. In winter, active growth stops, and the regularity of watering can be reduced. Between waterings, the top layer of the soil should be allowed to dry. Water the plant with soft warm, settled water.

The plant reacts very sensitively to the drying out of the earthen coma, this should not be allowed categorically.

Feeding mode

Like most indoor plants, during the period of active growth, pandanus should be fed with any complex fertilizer. Top dressing should be done twice a month.

Planting soil

A ready-made soil mixture for palm trees is considered ideal for this plant, but you can prepare the substrate yourself. To do this, you need to take sod humus, leafy soil, peat and sand in equal amounts.

Plant transplant

Since plants are tall for growing, you should take stable pots, the width and height of which are approximately equal.

It should be noted that plants do not like frequent transplants due to their rather delicate root system. Transplanting should be done for young plants no more than once a year, for adults - no more than once every 3-4 years. The transplant is carried out by the transshipment method, trying to disturb the earth lump as little as possible and disturb the roots.

Care should be taken to the aerial roots of the plant; they should not be buried in the soil.

Sprinkle the plant with soil at the level at which it grew before transplanting.

Reproduction of pandanus

In indoor conditions, the plant is most often propagated by children. On an adult plant, they appear in fairly large quantities. Before separation, the baby is allowed to grow up to 18-22 cm, and after that it is carefully separated from the trunk of the mother plant. Children are immediately placed in separate pots.

Diseases and pests

Most often, pandanus owners raise a panic if the lower leaves of the plant begin to dry out, but this should not be feared. Drying of the lower leaves of a plant is a natural and natural process.

A second cause for concern is the drying out of the plant's leaf tips. This fact indicates that the air in the room is too dry. The humidity in the room should be raised, and the tips of the leaves should be cut off to living tissue.

The main pests of pandanus are scale insects and mealybugs, if you notice their appearance, you need to spray the plant with appropriate systemic fungicides.published

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Pandanus (pandanus) is a very showy plant of the Pandanaceae family. Its bright crown is made up of many long, thorny leaves. They are arranged in a spiral shape relative to the central axis, which is why growers also call the flower "spiral palm". The homeland of the pandanus is the African tropics, Madagascar and the forests of Polynesia. In our country, pandanus is grown as a houseplant. For its ease of care, pandanus can be recommended to novice flower lovers.

Botanical description

Pandanus is an evergreen perennial, in its natural environment it can reach over 13 m in height. An indoor plant rarely exceeds 3 meters in height. Thick, dense roots go deep into the ground. It is noteworthy that the flower has not only an underground, but also an aerial rhizome.

Above the ground is a smooth, short trunk covered with light brown bark. It is almost completely hidden under sessile leaves. The top is decorated with a spreading crown made of many belt-like leaves. They grow along the stem in a spiral. The leaves at the base are tightly adjacent to each other. The leaf has a pronounced central vein and a bright green color. The length of the plate is 60-120 cm, and the width is 3-8 cm. On the sides of the leaf, as well as on the bottom along the central vein, there are short but very sharp spines. They grow at an angle towards the edge of the leaf.

In its natural environment, the pandanus spiral palm produces flowers annually. One tree contains spike-shaped male inflorescences and female cone-shaped flowers. As a result of pollination, large edible fruits are formed, similar to a rounded pineapple. They have a pleasant sweetish taste and contain medium-sized seeds. Alas, it is almost impossible to achieve flowering of indoor pandan.

Pandanus species

The genus Pandanus has 600 plant species, but most of them can only exist in their natural environment. Among indoor specimens, the following are the most popular:

This evergreen plant has a short, tree-like stem. Lignified roots descend from it like stilts. Indoor specimens grow slowly, after a decade they are no more than 1.5 m in height. The xiphoid foliage fits snugly at the base and diverges in the form of a fan. The length of the leaf plate is 60-90 cm with a width of 5-8 cm. There is a contrasting white stripe on the bright green foliage on the sides. The edges of the foliage are dotted with light brown thorns.

The houseplant is a sprawling tree up to 3 m high. The old trunk can branch out. The top of the stem is crowned with a spiral crown of drooping leaves. The leaf is 100-130 cm long and 5-10 cm wide. The dark green foliage has serrated edges and a keel.

Hard, belt-like leaves are 80 cm long, their width is 5 cm. Along the edges of the dark green leaf are narrow yellow stripes and brownish thorns.

A dense shrub up to 4 m in height has a branched stem. Its base is elevated due to aerial roots. The crown has a pyramidal shape and consists of rigid, straight leaves of a single color.

In addition to the main species, there are several decorative varieties, which allows you to choose the pandanus with the most interesting appearance.

Palm tree at home

Some growers are afraid to start a pandanus at home. The reason for this is unfounded superstition. They say that with its thorns it attracts negative energy. However, even fans of spiritual practices do not confirm this version.

At home, the plant is used as a forage crop, as well as for weaving baskets. By chewing on a pandanus leaf, locals get rid of toothache. The only cause for concern is the sharp thorns, so it is not recommended to place the palm tree in a place accessible to children.

Reproduction

The pandanus flower can reproduce by seed and vegetative means. Seed propagation is possible only in the wild, since seeds are planted with a part of the pulp immediately after ripening.

At home, a new plant can be obtained from lateral processes (children) or by dividing a bush. Young shoots appear almost all the time at the base of the stem between the aerial roots. They have their own roots and leaf outlet. When the process reaches a height of 18-20 cm, it is carefully separated with a sharp knife. Seedlings are rooted in moist sandy-peat soil. Already after 1-2 weeks, the plant will adapt and begin to grow.

Some types of pandanus do not release babies, so they are propagated by dividing the bush. It is necessary to cut off the part of the leaf outlet with aerial roots. The place of the cut is sprinkled with crushed charcoal and dried in air for 24 hours. The cutting is rooted in sandy-peat soil with the addition of sphagnum moss. The seedlings should be covered and placed in a well-lit room with an air temperature of + 24 ... + 28 ° C. Every day the greenhouse is ventilated and the soil is moistened. Rooting is complete in 4-7 weeks.

Plant care

The rules for caring for pandanus at home are simple. Even if the content is far from ideal, the plant looks good and grows in size. However, it will not be distinguished by its special beauty and large leaves. To achieve a spreading crown, you should follow a few simple rules.

Pandanus needs a long day of light and bright lighting, it can easily endure direct sunlight. Eastern or western window sills are ideal. With a lack of light, the leaves lose their elasticity and begin to droop more, in variegated forms bright color disappears. In winter, with a short daylight hours, use a bright backlight for 6-8 hours.

The optimum air temperature for an adult plant is + 22 ... + 25 ° C. Cold snaps below + 15 ° C are fatal for him. In the summer, it is advisable to take the pandanus flower out into the fresh air, however, protection from strong gusts of wind and cold air will be required. The palm tree does not need to artificially lower the temperature in winter.

Pandanus is undemanding to air humidity. It responds well to wiping dust from leaves and occasional spraying. You need to take care of the palm tree carefully so as not to hurt yourself on the sharp thorns. When spraying or bathing, care must be taken that moisture does not linger in the leaf axils, otherwise rot will develop.

Pandanus needs abundant and frequent watering, but the soil should dry out by half between irrigations. Water for irrigation is taken purified and slightly acidified. Its temperature should be in the range of + 25 ... + 30 ° C. As the temperature falls, watering is reduced. You should focus on the condition of the soil.

In March-October, the plant is fertilized with liquid mineral compositions for deciduous plants. Top dressing is applied to the ground twice a month. They should be well diluted with water so as not to burn the rhizome.

Transfer

It is difficult to imagine proper pandanus care without regular transplants. At home, it is carried out infrequently, since the aerial and underground roots of the plant are rather fragile. Transplant the plant when the roots are completely entwined with an earthen lump. The pot is chosen deep, several centimeters wider than the previous one. The drainage layer should be about a third of the container. The soil for pandanus should be light and slightly acidic. It is composed of:

• deciduous soil;
• humus;
• sod soil;
• river sand.

The transplant is carried out by the transshipment method. Do not deeply bury the palm tree. Aerial roots must remain on the surface. Care must be taken not to break them off.

The most capacious description of the pandanus is its name, the spiral palm. It was first discovered in the tropics, so this plant thrives when provided with sufficient light, water and humid air. You can grow pandanus in our latitudes, you just need to buy plant seeds and follow the rules of agricultural cultivation and care at home exactly.

Pandanus plant species

A photo of a plant gives only a superficial idea, therefore, before starting to grow it, it will be useful to get acquainted with its features.

Pandanus immediately declares its extraordinary decorative properties, because under natural conditions it can grow up to 2-4 m in height. It is clear that even with the most careful care of the helical palm, it will be difficult to grow such a giant... However, more compact specimens will also give you a lot of pleasure. Experts recommend cultivating pandanus in high-ceilinged areas where there is plenty of free space.

At the age of 10–12 years, the plants reach such sizes that the area of \u200b\u200ban ordinary room is not enough for them. IN it is necessary to grow a screw palm in a spacious pot or tub. The pandanus genus includes more than 600 species, which are all represented in the tropics. They feel quite well in our latitudes:

• Pandanus Veitch. Under natural conditions, this plant is found in East Asia. It grows in the form of a tree-like plant, in which a shortened trunk and roots are formed. After some time, the lower part of the trunk completes its life cycle, and from that moment on, the plant's base roots provide support for the plant. Therefore, seeing a spiral palm tree in such a state, it seems to many that the tree is hovering above the ground. The plant is decorative with dense green leaves forming tight weaves near the base. When grown indoors in a year, this variety provides the greatest increase in height. To grow a specimen 1.5 m high, you need to wait about 10 years;
• Pandanus called Sandera. This variety is most common in the moist forests of Timor. Adult specimens have a shortened trunk and long leaves up to 90 cm in size. Although this type of spiral palm is suitable for indoor cultivation, first you need to prepare a place so that after the appearance of long leaves the plant does not feel constrained.
• Useful Pandanus. The characteristic feature of this variety is the helical arrangement of the leaves. Therefore, they can often form three to four storeys of the trunk. Most of the representatives of this species are found in Madagascar and on the island of Mauritius. The uniqueness of the useful pandanus is given by the fact that only it can be grown from seeds, unlike all other varieties. In adulthood, it can reach a height of 2–3 m, although its size may be limited by the area of \u200b\u200bthe growing area.

Unlike other plants, pandanus forms aerial roots regardless of growing conditions. As the palm develops, they become more and more strong, sometimes entwining the lower branches of the tree... Subsequently, they become a support for the plant, which helps the spiral palm look even more impressive.

Pandanus benefits: all about its fruits

Under natural conditions, pandanus blooms regularly, so such specimens are of interest not only for their leaves and flowers, but also for their fruits. Unfortunately, in room conditions, waiting for the pandanus to bloom will not work, no matter how careful the care of the plant is. Only a palm tree that grows naturally can bloom. At this time, the pandanus becomes especially beautiful due to the variety of shades. They give a clue about his gender. In males, as a rule, spikelets are formed, while females can be recognized by their bell-shaped flowers.

The pandanus fruit looks quite original, which is very similar to pineapple. However, it is more round. Fruits are considered ripe when they acquire a deep red color., and up to this point they are green or red. Although depending on the place of cultivation, the fruits of pandanus may differ: in some places, berries that have yellow, blue or orange color can ripen.

Pandandus

Among the varieties of pandanus, there are those on which fruits suitable for food grow. Therefore, often they do not disdain many types of animals: crabs, elephants and bats. The local population does not refuse them either, using the fruits to prepare various dishes. Moreover, the fruits of pandanus are interesting not only because of their pleasant taste, but also because of their beneficial properties:

• vitamin C;
• cellulose;
• folic acid, which pregnant women so need;
• contains a large amount of potassium, phosphorus and enzymes that improve the activity of the nervous system.

This fruit is not offered for sale; it is not a good idea to use pandanus fruits grown in greenhouses and at home for food, since they differ in their taste and useful properties from fruits growing in natural conditions.

How to grow pandanus from seeds?

Suitable for indoor cultivation from seed is pandanus pandanus. River or sea sand can be used as planting soil.... In some cases, it can be replaced with a special substrate, which is made from peat (80%) and ordinary sand (20%).

Many growers practice the method of planting pandanus seeds outdoors in spring or summer. Moreover, a place after sowing is required need to be protected with a jar or other glass containerto ensure the greenhouse effect. In room conditions, it is recommended to use a sand-peat mixture for sowing seeds, and the container where they are planted should be covered with dense polyethylene. After that, the mini-greenhouse must be moved to a warm place, if possible, it should be illuminated by the sun.

It is possible to accelerate the moment of appearance of seedlings of useful pandanus, if the plantings are be provided with artificial or natural lighting up to 10-11 hours a day... The first shoots usually appear at the end of the fourth week. However, a lot of time must pass before the favorable moment for their transplantation to a permanent place comes.

How to transplant young seedlings and perennials

A sign that the seedlings are ready for transplanting is when they reach a height of at least 10 cm.However, you need to be very careful here, because pandanus roots are very fragiletherefore they can be easily damaged. To avoid injury, it is recommended to use the transshipment method, making sure to capture a significant portion of the old soil in new planting containers. Experts recommend doing this procedure in the spring.

Instances at the age of 2-3 years usually have time to form aerial roots, they need re-transplanting when the space of the pot becomes insufficient for them... During transplantation, the aerial upper roots should not be immersed in the ground. You shouldn't worry too much about this, since the pandanus grows in the same state in its natural environment.

To minimize the risk of damage to the plant, it is recommended to transplant young seedlings into large planters.

Home care: how to grow and maintain an ornamental plant?

The cultivation of a false palm tree at home is not always successful. There are situations when plants have changes that make the owner seriously think about eliminating them:

When growing pandanus at home, they follow the same rules as for a regular palm tree. First of all, you need to create enough space for the plants to grow.... For pandanus, this is especially important, because the leaves will immediately stop growing when they bump into furniture or curtains.

Usually, most novice breeders at the stage of sowing a false palm at home do not think about how much space it will need in 5-6 years. Adult specimens have spiny leaves.which can create discomfort when touched. In addition to this, it will not work to put such a giant on the windowsill. Therefore, if the conditions at home do not allow growing it to its maximum size, then it is recommended to immediately choose more compact varieties of palm trees.

Growing a pandanus palm: lighting in summer and winter

Pandanus does not tolerate low light conditions, therefore, the completely expected reaction in this case will be wilting, and sometimes drying of the leaves. They lose their flexibility over time.lose their attractiveness. If you are growing a variegated pandanus variety, then it will definitely change its original color.

For the normal development of the pandanus, you need to provide bright diffused lighting. Direct sunlight is harmful to plants. Therefore, it is recommended to keep the flowerpot in a shaded corner of the room., the windows of which are located on the sunny side. You will also have to take measures to properly shape the crown and trunk. To do this, you need to unfold the pot every two to three days. If this is not done, then the leaves will stretch in only one direction, and this will lead to an imbalance in development.

With the onset of autumn, the flower can be installed in a lighted place so that the soft cold rays of the sun fall on it. In some cases, this is not enough, for which the plant reacts by changing the leavesthat become faded and sink. In this case, you will have to carry out additional lighting with lighting devices. Before that, ordinary fluorescent lamps are required, which must be installed above the pandanus at a distance of 60-70 cm from the crown and turned on for 6-8 hours.

With a frequency of once a day, it is necessary to air the room, making sure that there is no strong draft.

Description of watering and air humidity

Pandanus can easily tolerate low air humidity, however, it can be seriously damaged by the ingress of moisture into the leaf axils. When caring for a plant, it must be remembered that settled water should be poured only strictly under the roots. Thus, arranging a shower for him is unacceptable. It is recommended to use settled water for irrigation.heated 2–3 degrees above room temperature. It is important to keep the soil moist at all times. If you use cold running water for irrigation, then the plant will experience severe stress, which is better in case of a slowdown in its development.

When pandanus is grown in conditions of low air humidity, the tips and edges of the leaves, which begin to dry out, are the first to react. This problem can be prevented by wiping the leaves with a damp cloth two to three times a week. The decorative character of the pandanus is given by its large leaves, so it is necessary to keep them clean. You need to wipe them very carefully, because due to the presence of sharp thorns on them, they can cause a lot of trouble.

Conclusion

Pandanus is a rather original tropical plant that immediately attracts attention due to its impressive size. It is no coincidence received the name "spiral palm"... Even despite the fact that it feels most comfortable in the tropics, it can be grown in the harsh climatic conditions of our country.

However, first you have to take into account some of the features of this palm tree, and, most importantly, what you need to remember is that the pandanus requires sufficient space, since as it grows, large leaves are formed that require space. Equally important when growing it at home, to ensure the optimal temperature and humidity regime, since for the normal development of pandanus, it is necessary to create conditions as close as possible to natural ones.

Pandanus is a tree-like tropical plant of the Pandanovaceae genus; the islands of the Indian Ocean are considered its homeland. These are evergreen trees or shrubs similar to palms, with narrow and long leaves growing in a spiral, hence its second name - spiral palm. In nature, pandanus blooms and bears fruit. Indoor pandanus species do not flower or bear fruit. This plant does not require special care, so even a beginner can handle it.

Types of indoor pandanus and flower photos

There are about 700 species of pandanus in nature. Many varieties produce edible fruits that taste like pineapple. Pandanus is a rather big plant, so it is most suitable for winter gardens and spacious rooms. However, young plants are quite suitable for growing at home. Of all the variety three types of pandanus are grown indoors: Pandanus Useful, Pandanus Sandera and Pandanus Veich.

This plant develops as a shrub. The trunk is short, but some individuals can reach one and a half meters in height. The leaves are very developed, twisted in a spiral along the trunk, up to 90 cm long and about 6 cm wide. The leaves retain their bright green color even in winter, while they have white longitudinal stripes and thorns along the edges. Southeast Asia is considered his homeland.

Under natural conditions, these trees grow up to 20 m in height, at home the maximum size is 3 m.The leaves are arranged helically, tightly pressed against each other at the base, the length of the leaves is up to 15 m, the width is 5-10 cm, they have a dark green tint ... The leaves of Pandanus Beneficial are tough, straight, with red thorns at the edges.

This is a tree-like plant, much smaller than its relatives. Its leaves are dark green, with yellow narrow longitudinal stripes, reaching 8 cm in length and up to 5 cm in width have short thorns along the edges. In its natural environment, it grows in the tropical rainforests of the Malay Archipelago.

Caring for indoor pandanus flower at home

Pandanus this plant loves warm rooms, at least the air temperature should be at least 20 degrees

Pandanus is not quite suitable for small houses or apartments, as it grows, it takes up a fairly large area, spreading its leaves. In essence, it is wild, and it develops best in natural conditions. However, if the room allows you, then with good care, the pandanus will feel great at home.

Lighting and air temperature

He needs bright and diffused light, but daylight sunlight can be harmful for him. The best option for placement will be the windows of the eastern and western parts, it will lack light on the northern windows. In autumn and winter, when natural light is not enough, artificial lighting can be provided to the pandanus. To do this, you need to install an artificial light source at a distance of about a meter and leave it for 6-8 hours a day. It is not recommended to take the pandanus outside. Plants standing on the windowsill are recommended to be rotated periodically for uniform development.

Air humidity and watering

Watering for pandanus is moderate

Watering the pandanus should be moderate, about every other day in the spring and summer. Starting in autumn, watering is reduced to 2 times a week. The soil should dry out for the next watering. Watering can be abundant, but after half an hour it is necessary to remove all the excess, stagnant water is harmful to the pandanus. You can not water with cold water, it is best for watering settled soft water at room temperature.

It is worth spraying pandanus once every two weeks, it calmly tolerates dry air. You also need to periodically wipe the leaves with a damp cloth from dust. Do not allow water to accumulate in the leaf axils, this leads to decay. To avoid drying out aerial roots, they should be covered with moistened moss.

Soil requirements and fertilization for the pandanus plant

Pandanus requires a nutritious, slightly clayey soil. Ready-made mixtures for palm trees are suitable for him. You can independently compose a substrate from sod land, leafy soil, humus and sand in equal proportions.

For feeding pandanus in spring and summer, liquid fertilizers are used for deciduous ornamental plants. The frequency of feeding is once every two weeks. In autumn and winter, feeding is reduced to 1 time per month.

Transplantation and reproduction of a houseplant pandanus

If you have a young pandanus plant, then you need to transplant it once a year, while adults 1 time in 2-3 years

Young plants are transplanted once a year, mature about once every 2-3 years. The signal for transplanting is the soil completely entwined with roots in a pot. The roots of the pandanus are airy and fragile, so when transplanting you need to try not to damage them.... For this, the plant is, as it were, transferred from pot to pot, without freeing the roots from the ground.

The new pot should be 1/3 deeper and must contain drainage at the bottom. You do not need to deepen the pandanus in a new pot, plant it at the same level as it was before. In order not to damage your hands, it is recommended to collect thorny leaves in a bunch before transplanting.

If you want to curb the growth of the pandanus a little, then replant it less often. Young plants should not be planted immediately in a large tub, the root system will rot without having mastered the soil... Tubular plants do not need to be transplanted, you only need to add a little soil annually.

Pandanuses reproduce by cuttings, seeds and dividing the bush.

Propagation by cuttings

When propagating, cuttings are cut from lateral shoots at least 20 cm long, since short ones do not form roots well. In this case, the places of the cuts must be dried or sprinkled with charcoal. It is necessary to first prepare a mixture of equal parts of peat land and sand, where the cuttings are planted. It is necessary to cover the seedlings with foil and periodically air them, while the temperature should be high, about 25-28 degrees. The cuttings take root in about 1.5-2 months, and when using root formation stimulants, the process will go faster.

Growing pandanus from seeds

Pandanus reproduces not only by seeds, rosettes, but also by cuttings

Seeds are sown without pretreatment in a mixture of peat and sand, or leaf earth and sand, taken in a 1: 1 ratio. Cover the pots with plastic wrap and keep the temperature around 25 degrees. Remember to regularly air and water the seeds. The sprouts will begin to appear in small groups within two weeks. When a sprout forms two or three leaves, it must be planted in a separate pot. When using a mini greenhouse with bottom heating, seed germination will appear much earlier.

Reproduction by daughter sockets

When the rosettes already have roots and have reached a length of about 20 cm, they can be cut off from the mother bush for reproduction. To stimulate root growth, you can overlay the base of the daughter outlets with sphagnum, which must be regularly moistened in a small amount.

Spring is the most favorable time for pandanus breeding. The sockets, pre-dried for one day, are planted in containers. The soil should be as follows: 1.5-2 cm of drainage in the form of shards and coarse sand, 6-7 cm of turf, 3-4 cm of washed sand. The sockets are planted to a depth of about 2 cm, tamped tightly, sprayed abundantly. It is necessary to cover them with foil and maintain the temperature at about 25 degrees. Professionals advise to use bottom heating. Rooting of outlets will occur in 1-1.5 months; phytoharmonics can be used to speed up this. After 2 months, it is necessary to transplant the cuttings into a pot.

Diseases and pests of pandanus and plant care during this period

Of the possible pests, pandanus can infect mealybugs, scale insects and spider mites. A mealybug may appear from waterlogging of the soil, and a tick from too dry air and insufficient moisture. It is easy to get rid of them with the help of special chemicals.

Possible problems:

• dry brown leaf tips... This problem can occur due to too dry air. If the pandanus is on the window next to the battery, then it needs to be regularly sprayed and moistened. Also, one of the possible reasons is a lack of fertilization;
• leaves lose color, new ones grow small... This is due to a lack of light;
• leaves become light, almost white. This is due to an excess of light.

In general, pandanus is a very unpretentious plant that even a novice florist can take care of.

Watch an interesting video from Artem Panarin, he will tell us about how to care for pandanus at home and give some useful tips for novice florists, we wish you a pleasant viewing.