At the beginning of the summer of this year, the State Budgetary Institution “Avtomobilnye Dorogi”, which services a third of the capital’s highways, got its own modern asphalt concrete plant. This latest high-tech Benninghoven complex, developed in Germany, is located in the Biryulyovo Western district - on the one hand, within the city (minimizing the path of cars to their destination), on the other, away from residential buildings. The new plant will not only save budget funds, but also increase the volume of asphalt concrete mixtures produced.

Let's study together the asphalt production technology, the features of its laying, and how exactly the city benefits from the appearance of this particular plant.

2. The site for the enterprise was laid at the end of last year, and already in June two installations were put into operation, each of which can produce 240 tons of asphalt concrete mixture per hour (3 tons in 40 seconds). This productivity is enough to roll up to 30 thousand square meters of road surface per day. Your own asphalt plant is more profitable than turning to contractors, firstly, it is always a high quality product, and secondly, the possibility of re-processing the finished mixture if the conditions did not allow it to be laid according to the technology (for example, the mixture cooled down on the way because the car got hit in a traffic jam).

3. The asphalt concrete mixture includes 5 main components. These are crushed stone (left), screenings (essentially dust from crushed stone, in the center), sand (right), mineral powder and bitumen. The percentage of raw materials may vary depending on where the asphalt will be rolled. If this is a sidewalk (an area with a minimum specific load), then the mixture contains the maximum amount of sand, and crushed stone is not used. If we are talking about highways (high load), then most of the asphalt concrete mixture will be crushed stone (the fraction is determined depending on the type and class of the highway).

4. In addition to ordinary granite crushed stone, high-strength rock of volcanic origin is used - gabbro diabase. There are three deposits in the world - in Australia, Ukraine and Russia. Raw materials are brought to the asphalt concrete plant from Karelia.

5. Mineral additives are needed in order to impart certain properties to the finished mixture. For example, plasticity and resistance to temperature changes. This is what distinguishes the technology of modern asphalt production from how it was made before.

6. Bitumen is the main binding component. It arrives at the plant in thermos tanks in heated form and is pumped into storage tanks, where it is constantly heated. Here it is worth noting a fact related to the direct laying of asphalt on roads. Surely many have noticed that markings are not applied to freshly laid asphalt immediately, but after 2-3 weeks. This is not laziness of road workers, but adherence to technology. After laying, it is necessary that the bitumen film evaporate from the top layer, otherwise the paint used for marking will, firstly, become colored, and secondly, the adhesion of freshly laid asphalt is worse.

7. The plant operates around the clock, therefore raw materials are delivered continuously. At the entrance there are special truck scales that weigh the truck first when entering and then when leaving.

8. The plant requires electricity, diesel fuel and gas to operate. The plant was built and launched in record time, but in Moscow, official connection to city networks takes on average one year, so at the moment the plant operates completely offline. After official connection, diesel generators will simply be transported to new construction sites, so this option will not actually increase the cost of the finished product.

9. Crushed stone, sand and screenings are loaded into receiving bins using a front-end loader. At the bottom of each bunker there is a valve that determines the flow rate of each of the initial components.

11. The mixture is dried in a drum using a diesel oven.

12. And it is fed to the very top of the installation - into a screen, where the mixture is separated according to its granulometric composition.

13. This is necessary in order to dose the composition of the finished product with high precision.

14. Bitumen is added from heated thermos tanks to the dry mixture.

15. And mineral supplements (stored in blue containers). Another important point. The photo shows an exhaust pipe (blue) and you can even visually see that the air being emitted is clean. For comparison, you can look at the dust from the ventilation pipe of some other plant located in the background. Environmental standards regulate the measurement of emissions at a distance of 500 meters from the pipe, but this plant complies with these standards even if measurements are taken directly on the territory of the plant.

16. After mixing all the ingredients, the finished asphalt enters the bunkers.

17. From where it is loaded into dump trucks. Despite the high sides, no more than 20 tons of finished asphalt are loaded into each vehicle. The asphalt temperature at shipment is 160°C; it must arrive at the site at a temperature of at least 130 degrees and be rolled at a temperature of at least 110 degrees. Depending on the outside temperature, this allows road repairs to be carried out at a distance of up to 80 kilometers from the production site.

18. Control room - control center of the entire installation. The operator clearly sees the entire process and also manually controls the valve for the shipment of finished products. On the left screen is the operation of scales and bins. On the right is the workflow in the drying chamber, screen and mixing plant. In total, the plant employs 80 people, and 10 are enough to manage the production process.

19. After this, the cars with hot asphalt are also weighed on scales and sent to the site. Another pressing question: is it possible to roll asphalt in the rain? The technology does not allow asphalt to be laid in the rain, but... It is impossible to influence the weather, so usually the decision is made locally. Before laying a new layer of asphalt, the base is spilled with bitumen emulsion and if the rain is not heavy, without the formation of puddles, then it is quite acceptable to roll the asphalt onto a wet base. As we remember, asphalt has a laying temperature above 110 degrees and all possible moisture from the base will instantly evaporate during laying.

20. There are currently two operating installations on the site, which operate independently of each other. It is also planned to build another installation (separate parts for it can be seen in the upper left corner). Administrative modular buildings are visible on the right side. There is also a factory laboratory that controls the quality of raw materials and finished products. For now, these are temporary structures that will gradually be replaced with permanent ones.

21. The State Budgetary Institution “Highways” also has a high-tech mobile laboratory. It includes a spatial laser rangefinder, six cameras and ground penetrating radar.

22. The Riegl VMX-450 roof-mounted installation is complemented by the Riegl VZ-1000 portable stationary station. These devices allow you to build a three-dimensional picture of the surrounding world. This allows you to measure the geometric dimensions of objects within a certain radius from the installation and automatically calculate the volume and area of ​​materials or laid coating. It also allows you to record defects in road surfaces, curbstones and metal fences. GPR allows you to determine the boundaries of separation of environments and the location of communications. The most effective speed for work is 40-50 km/h.

23. Factory laboratory in which quality control of raw materials is carried out and finished products are tested. The photo shows a DTS-06-05 machine, which is designed to test samples of asphalt concrete materials for compression and determine the ultimate splitting strength.

24. Test samples are melted in a furnace, stretched, sifted, weighed, water saturation is determined, etc.

25. Any highway has a warranty period. For roads with increased traffic (for example, the Moscow Ring Road, the Third Transport Ring, the Garden Ring and outbound highways), this is a 3-year warranty on asphalt pavement. For roads with less traffic and sidewalks, this period can be extended to 5 years. If you see that the asphalt is changed every year, then this is exactly the case when the contractor completed the road with violations and is now redoing it at his own expense. Therefore, this is another plus to the fact that this asphalt plant belongs to the city - there is no point in producing low-quality products, because then you'll have to redo it.

What's the result? The city and its residents only benefit from the new asphalt concrete plant. The roads in the city are still in good condition, but it will be even better.

Asphalt production is a very popular business idea in Russia. Countless roads across the country are repaired every year. This requires asphalt. Therefore, even a novice entrepreneur can start his own business in this area, without fear that his products will be unclaimed. By ensuring high quality, he can become a well-known asphalt supplier in his city or region.

The technology for producing cold asphalt is quite simple. Even a person who has never worked in this field can master it. The ingredients are also quite simple and affordable. Asphalt consists of sand, crushed stone of various sizes, bitumen and special mineral powder. But manufacturing the products will require specialized equipment. You won’t be able to get by with a small start-up capital here. Even a small plant will cost about 2,000,000 rubles.

Consumers of finished products

Asphalt is a popular product. But most of the demand is provided by the following buyers:

• companies involved in the construction and repair of roads (this includes housing and communal services and private organizations working on a contract basis);
• entrepreneurs laying sidewalks, parking lots, paths, driveways near private buildings.

Individuals also need asphalt in small quantities, for example, to improve their dacha or cottage area.

The entrepreneur himself can become a consumer of the product if he engages not only in the production of asphalt, but also in its laying. This will bring him additional profit, but the work will require special asphalt paving equipment.

Types of asphalt

An asphalt production business should begin with a selection of assortments. The more varieties of finished products are produced, the more consumers will be attracted. It is important to resolve this issue at the initial stage because only after receiving an answer it is necessary to develop recipes, purchase equipment and establish a technological process.

If you plan to open a small asphalt production plant, the enterprise will be able to produce the following types of products:

• Sandy. This is the smallest variety. This type of asphalt is used to lay pedestrian paths and sidewalks. Its composition is normal. The base consists of sand, bitumen and small crushed stone up to 0.5 cm in size.
• Fine grain. This variety is already used for laying roads. Typically, such asphalt is used in the form of the 2nd layer of a 2-layer road surface. The composition is identical to the previous one, only the size of the crushed stone varies from 0.5 to 1.5 cm.
• Coarse grain. This asphalt has the greatest strength. It is used to lay out the bottom layer of the road. It is based on the use of crushed stone ranging in size from 2 to 4 cm.

It is better to focus on all varieties at once. The recipe and technology will be identical. You will only need to purchase crushed stone of different sizes and qualities.

Legal aspects

Asphalt production as a business requires the need to officially register your enterprise. If you plan to work with large companies in the future, then it is better to choose an LLC. Of course, there will be more paperwork than in the case of an individual entrepreneur, but the company will look more solid in the eyes of buyers. In addition, if something happens, the entrepreneur will not have to answer with personal property.

The procedure for registering your business requires you to indicate the OKVED code. In this case, you need to use 26.82.2 - “Manufacture of products from asphalt or similar materials.”

When producing asphalt, you must be guided by established GOSTs. For asphalt, GOST 9128 is used. When producing different types of bitumen, you need to study the relevant standards:

• construction - GOST 6617;
• roofing - GOST 9548;
• road (with high viscosity) - GOST 22245.

Obtaining certificates of conformity and other documents confirming quality will increase the company's reputation in the eyes of potential clients.

Technology used

There are several asphalt production technologies. Based on the chosen method, the following types of finished products are distinguished:

• hot;
• warm;
• cold.

The difference lies in the temperature conditions for mixing the components. Most often, enterprises produce hot asphalt. The technology itself consists of the following stages:

1. preparation of ingredients (sand, crushed stone and gravel are cleaned, the required amount of each component is separated);
2. heating the mixture to 2,000 0 C;
3. cooling to 1 600 0 C;
4. adding bitumen and mineral powder to the resulting mixture;
5. thoroughly mixing all ingredients.

It is important to properly store finished products. To prevent it from losing its qualities, it is necessary to maintain the temperature level between 150 and 1,800 0 C.

Strict control of each stage will allow you to obtain truly high-quality asphalt. Therefore, it is worth considering the possibility of hiring a full-time technologist with extensive experience.

Equipment purchase

The work will also require specialized equipment for asphalt production. The cost of this will depend on the required production capacity and the level of automation. A novice entrepreneur can make do with an asphalt plant - a mobile unit that produces a mixture for laying asphalt at the work site. There are several types of asphalt protection:

• trailed;
• trailer;
• container

The latest installations have the highest productivity. It makes sense to use them for large volumes of work. At the initial stage, a trailed asphalt plant is sufficient. It will cost approximately 1,500,000 rubles.

The mobile installation must have the following components:

• mixer;
• bins for various components and finished products;
• crushers;
• sorting devices;
• loaders;
• heaters;
• elevator;
• pump.

Additionally you will need a forklift. Its cost is 2,000,000 rudders and more. If an entrepreneur does not have that kind of money, he can rent equipment.

Search for premises

When producing sheet asphalt, you will need a place for a workshop. Moreover, it must have a large area. You will have to provide the following premises for your stationary mini-factory:

• manufacturing facility;
• warehouses for raw materials;
• storage space for finished products;
• reception area for customer service;
• service premises (locker room, toilet, shower and others).

Stationary production will require much larger investments. This is why novice businessmen choose to use mobile installations.

Financial results

The size of capital investments will be no less than 2,000,000 rubles. A permanent plant will require even more money. The main costs will be associated with the purchase of equipment and raw materials for the first time.

Asphalt production is a profitable idea. In a month, even a small entrepreneur can earn 2,500,000 rubles. Taking into account transportation costs, rental payments, wages, tax deductions and other costs, it is quite possible to receive a net profit of 300,000 - 500,000 rubles.

At the initial stage, demand will be low. If we consider that practically no asphalt is purchased in autumn and winter, the payback period will vary from 1.5 to 3 years.

year 2009. My friend and I decided to start our own business, because... They graduated from university, but work had not yet begun, and the crisis also helped. We were always interested in business; that was the only way we could earn enough money to live a prosperous life.

I was interested in the budgetary sphere, because it is stability, because even in a crisis, the state invests money in maintaining infrastructure, in particular in the road area, maintaining housing and communal services. This direction was also interesting for us because we had a construction education. I was interested in construction related to state and municipal orders.

Our village is small, we found out whether funds are allocated for the scope of work that interests us and in what volume. Having met with the head of the municipal settlement, we discussed the problems and funds that are allocated this year and that are planned to be allocated. The head said that there are certain quotes according to which work can be organized, in particular, repairs and landscaping of the territory. There are also tenders in the field of housing and communal services, namely the repair of local areas. The problem was acute in the housing and communal services sector; no one had done anything in this area for many years. The condition of the housing stock was critical, let alone the surrounding area.

He told us this because money is constantly being allocated, and the materials needed to carry out these works have to be purchased through intermediaries. For example, we were interested in tenders for patching asphalt, repairing blind areas, and landscaping. We started to calculate. There was a desire to make asphalt myself. A bold decision and absurd at first glance. How can young guys do this? This business is inaccessible without serious investment. You are right, but there are many solutions for every “but”. I'll tell you in detail how we did it.

In our village, which is quite remote, there is an asphalt concrete plant, a branch of the regional road enterprise, from which local municipalities bought asphalt, because... It was not possible to produce asphalt on our own.

We began to study the market and discovered a plant for asphalt regeneration, i.e. it produced new asphalt from old asphalt. Due to the fact that there was plenty of old asphalt, and due to the fact that the surrounding areas are being destroyed, the old asphalt laid in Soviet times peeled off and could be recycled.

Also, at the road enterprises there was asphalt crumbs, which lay in whole mountains. This crumb is formed by removing the old asphalt with a special road milling machine before laying the new one. Further, road workers either dump this crumb as garbage, soil, or use it partially in the preparation of new asphalt.

This opened up the field for using waste that was essentially given to us for free, and from this we can make finished material. It would be nice to receive money for recycling waste, but for now the question remains open.

What is asphalt regeneration? It means taking old asphalt, heating it, adding bitumen in an amount less than in traditional asphalt. The result was an asphalt concrete mixture of limited use, for example, for constructing blind areas, landscaping adjacent areas, for pothole repairs, but not for loaded areas! As a result, there is no need to buy crushed stone, there is no need for sand, less bitumen is used, and bitumen is an important component in the cost of asphalt.

We decided to purchase a mini, mobile asphalt concrete plant, or as it is also called a mini asphalt concrete plant, which will allow us to be independent, autonomous, and serve our area. Autonomy means having a built-in generator so you don’t have to look for a source of electricity. The mini asphalt plant had to be mobile, i.e. on wheels for on-site repairs. Preferably with a container for heating bitumen, i.e. It is necessary to maintain the temperature of the bitumen so that it does not harden. Buying a bitumen container separately is very expensive. Heating bitumen in barrels on site is very time-consuming and inconvenient. The built-in heated bitumen tank helped us out.

We had a truck to which the installation was attached and, at the same time, raw materials for regeneration, fuel, tools, and shovels were transported.

The cost of the equipment at that time was approximately one million rubles. We began to look for funding opportunities for this project. At that time, there were programs to support entrepreneurs, and maybe they still are.

Finding funding

The state provided subsidies in the amount of 58,800 rubles. We made two business plans for different types of activities, i.e. my friend and I made two business plans, as if he and I were independent entrepreneurs from each other. We consulted with the employment service, which helped us in preparing the necessary documents. We made business plans in order to receive financing; for this we do not need to make a business plan for real activities, i.e. asphalt production. We need to do it in such a way that it is allocated, but how to spend it is the second question. We received almost 120,000 rubles. Then we had the right to hire up to three people. The state provided workers with a minimum wage of 58,800 rubles, but they had to work for at least a year, i.e. not be listed as unemployed.

They hired their relatives. The state allocated 58,800 rubles as support for each person. Thus, thanks to government support, we received half a million rubles. 240,000 rubles each.

Additionally, the regional authorities created a guarantee fund, through which we could, with a minimum interest without collateral, i.e. without having any property, take out a loan. Having negotiated and fulfilled the conditions of the guarantee fund, with a minimum package of documents, in a short time, we received another 200,000 rubles. We could have taken more, but the amount of 200,000 rubles was enough for us. This amount was just like a safety net.

We had an individual entrepreneur, i.e. legal entity, this is necessary to work with the budget.

Then we began to look for a leasing company that would allow us to buy equipment. Having sent out information on this topic, we received a positive response from one of the leasing companies. As a result, we made an initial payment of 30% of the cost of the equipment, about 300,000 rubles, and the leasing company purchased it for us. Consequently, having 30% of the cost of the equipment, we were able to buy it.

Let me remind you that at that time we had 700,000 rubles: 200,000 rubles in credit and 500,000 rubles from subsidies. We retained 400,000 rubles as insurance after making a contribution to the leasing company.

The equipment was available. They brought him in a short time. The productivity of the asphalt plant was small, about 3-5 tons per hour. We were told about the new advantages of the installation, its capabilities, what can be done with this equipment, what are the limitations, nuances, and disadvantages. In general, we received very competent advice. For our own safety, we reviewed information on maintenance and service, and the availability of spare parts. Everything suited us. Additionally, we found an outsourced instrumentation engineer, i.e. There’s no one on staff to help us if anything happens.

Business plan for road repair services

The economy was not difficult to calculate. In any case, the funds allocated through the tender were intended for the purchase of asphalt, and the cost of our asphalt was very low, we did not buy crushed stone and sand, we only needed to buy bitumen.

There were quite serious problems with bitumen, because it cannot be bought in small quantities; no one will bring it to us for little money. We discovered that there is briquetted bitumen, we found a company that deals with such bitumen, i.e. not in barrels, namely BND 90/130 in briquetted form. As a result, we bought a batch of bitumen at a low price. We had it in stock. We divided it into parts so that the bitumen could be placed in the melting pot. The installation we bought had a bitumen heating tank, also known as a bitumen melter. We did not need to buy a bitumen container; it is quite expensive and comparable to the cost of the equipment itself. On the market such containers are only in large sizes, there are no small ones, and making them yourself is difficult and expensive. The melter provides a unique opportunity to melt bitumen and automatically maintain the desired temperature.

The head of the district supported us, we received the first payment of 30% for materials, began work and began laying asphalt. Laying took place by conventional compaction, without special means, the initial stage of work. We did blind areas, adjacent areas, and pothole repairs.

Further, we began to develop, buying rollers, jackhammers, and compressors. We were doing landscaping. The source of energy for additional equipment is a mini asphalt plant generator; a compressor, jackhammer and other equipment can be connected to it. We worked with management companies, individuals, and budgets. They have earned the trust of the authorities and have already provided real jobs.

We have already begun to consider a small mobile asphalt concrete plant for 6.5 million rubles, which already made it possible to load asphalt into dump trucks, win and participate in tenders in other areas, lay asphalt in a continuous layer, and not separate small areas under repair.

Also, there was a small business support program where it was possible to compensate half of the leasing costs. This means that if you bought equipment for 1 million rubles, you could receive compensation in the amount of 500,000 rubles. This is the maximum amount, but it is enough for a small business. Also, there were programs to compensate interest on loans and we compensated the interest paid and repaid the loan.

1. Money is lying around, it is important to see it and be able to pick it up. Learn to pick up and notice.
2. You don't need money to start a business. If you think you need money, then you are not ready for business yet.
3. Establish contacts with people, administrations of districts, cities, regions, businessmen, deputies, chairmen of homeowners associations, directors of management companies, leasing companies, and heads of state and federal institutions. Connections are needed; they will give you additional resources and opportunities.

This is how we organized our small business from scratch without money. If you have any questions, please contact us.

Asphalt producers in our country never have problems selling finished products. The highest quality asphalt concrete mixture can withstand 10–15 years of operation. Intense traffic flow and harsh climatic conditions have a negative impact on the road surface, so it is repaired almost every year. The technology for making asphalt is simple and affordable, so many novice entrepreneurs choose this fairly profitable line of business.

Registration

Before opening a mini asphalt production facility, you must register as an individual entrepreneur. If you plan to produce large volumes of products and enter into contracts for their supply with legal entities, it is better to open a limited liability company.

This type of activity is not licensed, just like, so you do not have to obtain any permits or licenses. Since such products do not have to meet government standards, you can choose the asphalt production technology yourself. It is worth noting that municipal companies, which are the main consumers of such products, prefer to work with standard material.

Production technology

Depending on the manufacturing technology, asphalt is divided into the following types:

Hot asphalt

This material is used for paving large areas. Using this technology, all asphalt components are heated before mixing. In addition, the material is also heated immediately before installation to a temperature of 100–120 degrees.

Hot asphalt, in turn, can be rolled or cast. Mixing of components for rolled asphalt occurs in a special installation. After applying such a coating, it is necessary to perform rolling. The technology for manufacturing cast asphalt is different in that the laying of this material can be done without the use of special machines. It can be leveled with a regular wooden roller.

Cold asphalt

This material is used to level out potholes on the road. Cold asphalt production technology involves the use of special bitumen, which does not lose viscosity at normal air temperatures. It does not require heating before mixing. Crushed stone and other dry components enter the mixer slightly warm. This asphalt can be laid at a temperature of -10 degrees. It does not require rolling or additional heating. Cold bitumen, mineral additives and heated crushed stone are sent to the mixer. After mixing, the material is packed into bags.

Scheme: mobile asphalt concrete plant

Equipment

Beginning entrepreneurs can purchase a mobile mini-plant for asphalt production.

He can be:

1. Trailed type. The productivity of such an enterprise is 10–80 tons of products per hour. This is an ideal option for small businesses with a small initial investment.
2. Trailer type. This is a more expensive and quite powerful model. The productivity of such a mini-plant is 40–150 tons per hour. It is perfect for large construction projects and paving roads.
3. Container type. The price of such equipment is quite high. But it is quite justified, since such an installation consumes little fuel, but at the same time has a high productivity of 120–400 tons.

The asphalt mini-plant consists of:

• Systems for dosing starting components;
• Dryer drum;
• Mixer;
• Conveyor.

In addition, you will have to buy or rent a front loader. It is used to load raw materials.

Location of the enterprise

If you want to open a stationary enterprise for the production of asphalt, you need to find a large premises. Particular attention should be paid to access roads and communications. In addition, do not forget that the business will develop, so the enterprise may have to expand. To accommodate mobile equipment for asphalt production, a considerable area will also be required. In addition, you will have to use special vehicles to transport it.

It is better to locate an asphalt plant in a populated area. If a highway is planned to be built nearby, most likely you will receive an offer to enter into a contract for the supply of products. Some manufacturers find customers who pick up all products immediately after they are produced. In this case, the location of the enterprise does not matter much.

Staff workers

Many specialists will have to be involved in the production and sale of asphalt. Some companies also offer material laying. In this case, you should hire a team of workers who will deal with this matter.

In addition, you will need:

• Operators for equipment maintenance;
• General workers;
• Loaders;
• Drivers.

A department should also be created to manage the asphalt production process. Accounting and equipment maintenance can be outsourced to companies.

Expenses

In order to open an asphalt plant with a capacity of 10 t/hour, the following capital investments will be needed:

• Purchase of a mini plant – 2 million rubles;
• Purchase of raw materials – 500 thousand rubles;
• Transport – 100 thousand rubles;
• Additional expenses – 200 thousand rubles.

The total amount of initial investment is 2.8 million rubles.

The profitability of such an enterprise is approximately 30%. It pays for itself in literally 6 months.

Sales of products

Main consumers of asphalt:

• Organizations that monitor the condition of roads and repair them;
• Businessmen who are responsible for the condition of sidewalks, parking lots and other things.

Beginning entrepreneurs can start paving squares or sidewalks. To find more clients, you can go around nearby areas and post advertisements. When making personal contacts, hand people your business card.

Another effective way to promote products is advertising in the media. The most important thing is to establish contacts and conclude contracts for the supply of asphalt. If you can find enough clients, you can expand your business over time to make more profit.

DIY asphalt

Typically, asphalt production at home, unlike, is not started to make money. This business is not suitable for running on a personal plot. Asphalt is made at home in order to repair garden paths or cover some area with it.

Manufacturing process:

1. Sand and crushed stone are poured into a metal barrel;
2. The components are mixed and heated over a fire;
3. The bitumen is heated in a separate container;
4. The heated bitumen is added to the base and stirred thoroughly;
5. The finished mixture can be poured onto a previously prepared surface.

conclusions

To summarize, it should be noted that asphalt production as a business will bring a stable high income. Roads are constantly in need of repair, so it is impossible to do without this material. On

* The calculations use average data for Russia

Asphalt is an indispensable material for road construction, but it is also used in many other branches of human activity. It serves as the basis for the preparation of waterproofing, roofing, and is even used in painting. However, in all these cases, the preparation technology is radically different, so an entrepreneur who decides to start producing asphalt must initially decide on the direction. The most promising is the production of asphalt concrete, which is used in the construction of road pavements, and it is profitable to engage not only in the production of the material, but also in the subsequent laying of asphalt, although you can limit yourself to only creating a production enterprise.

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There are enough offers in this area on the market, and an entrepreneur just starting out is forced to offer his consumers some advantages of his product. The most obvious thing is to reduce the price of products, but this is not always possible, because it also depends on the supplier of raw materials, and if it is too far from the place of production, the cost of production will be significantly higher due to transportation costs. You also need to immediately take care of finding partners, especially if you plan to create asphalt for road surfaces - such material is suitable for use only immediately after production; subsequently it cools down and becomes brittle, making it impossible to lay it.

There are, however, some asphalt production technologies that make it possible to transport asphalt to the laying site; also today mobile plants have been developed that move from place to place. Mobile factories are much cheaper than stationary ones, and an entrepreneur should seriously consider this option for organizing his business. At the same time, there may be no other companies in the region of work that are engaged in such asphalt production.

In any case, before starting work, you need to carefully study the market, competitors’ offers and prospects for your own growth. Customers for asphalt laying will primarily be municipal institutions that are responsible for the condition of state roads. A significant share of the market is occupied by private construction companies that carry out landscaping of the territory, and this range of work also includes laying access roads. Customers for asphalt laying can be private entrepreneurs who want to develop their own territory, for example, lay roads, sidewalks or create a parking space. However, it is worth considering that in most cases, large construction companies and, especially, municipal institutions have already established relationships with asphalt manufacturers, so they will have to be convinced that the new production is more efficient, offers a higher quality product and service, and, if possible, a lower price . Otherwise, there is no guarantee that the entrepreneur will be able to find sales channels for his products.

To start working, you need to register as a business entity. Individuals can register as an individual entrepreneur, but if there is a need to register a legal entity, the preferred form is a limited liability company. This is due to the fact that in this case a simplified taxation system will be available, which in turn allows you to transfer no more than 6 percent of income or 15 percent of operating profit to the state. It is important to choose the right OKVED codes, and such activities fall under the definitions (OKPD 2) 42.1 Roads and railways; construction work on the construction of roads and railways and (OKPD 2) 23.64 Construction mixtures and solutions. Considering that there is now no need to comply with the state standard, an entrepreneur can produce asphalt using any chosen technology, although municipal services will most likely give preference to the company that supplies the standard material.

Next, you need to decide on the location of future production. If you plan to open a stationary plant, then you need a large area to accommodate all the equipment, provide access roads and communications, and build or repair premises. Depending on the planned production volumes, the territory of the complex may be different; in this case, an entrepreneur can start with a small plant, gradually expanding production as he develops. However, you should not think that a mobile plant is much easier to maintain, because placing your equipment will also require considerable space, as well as additional vehicles for transportation. It is important to take into account that the asphalt production plant should be located as close as possible to the road construction sites. A form of work is possible when the asphalt concrete plant is only a producer of the material, and the resulting product is taken away immediately after production by the partner who is engaged in laying the asphalt.

The stationary asphalt concrete plant must then cooperate with as many companies as possible that carry out road construction work. A more modern approach is still to launch a mobile plant, because in this case, transportation costs are significantly reduced, and the work is completed much faster; moreover, a small mobile plant loses much less money during its downtime.

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In most cases, it is better to be located within a large populated area, although if large-scale construction of a roadway is planned on any section of the route, located far from populated areas, but close to the construction site, the asphalt concrete plant will certainly receive a contract for the supply of material.

The asphalt production technology involves the use of gravel, sand and crushed stone, which serve as the basis for the production of stone material, and the binder is bitumen or mineral powders. In simple terms, asphalt is produced by mixing all the components, but all this is done only at high temperatures, because only in this case the bitumen can bind the components together.

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The composition of the equipment may vary depending on the chosen technology, but usually includes a cleaning system, heating and mixing units, storage and dosing of bitumen, special installations for modifying the characteristics of mixtures, as well as a general control system.

The most favorable prices for equipment are offered by suppliers from China; European analogues will cost an order of magnitude more, but in this case more complete support will be provided and the quality of the machines will be guaranteed. You can find many representatives of foreign companies in Russia, which allows you to contact them directly without conducting other negotiations with foreign companies. The cost of a complete mobile plant starts at about one and a half million rubles; equipping the smallest stationary plant will cost several times more and can reach 10 million rubles. In some cases, a relatively large plant may require an investment of several tens of millions.

Equipment suppliers must train customer personnel in the use of all devices. It should be noted that the production of equipment may take some period of time, which is usually initially indicated by the manufacturer. An entrepreneur should also think about purchasing his own fleet of specialized equipment, because it may be much more profitable for him to import raw materials to his own production on his own without contacting a third-party transport company.

To work in the company, you will have to attract a fairly large number of specialists, and if you plan not only production, but also laying asphalt, you need to hire a team of workers who will carry out construction work. At its core, this represents running two different types of business at the same time, which is why it makes sense to consider the option of cooperation with a third-party company. Equipment operators, loaders, drivers, and support workers will be required, and several departments may be created at the enterprise to manage individual processes of the enterprise. The separation of functions and responsibilities will allow you to more effectively manage the organization and optimize the entire operation of the production process. However, all business processes that are not related to the organization’s profit making can be outsourced. Depending on the scale of the enterprise, a staff of several dozen people may be required, but a small plant can serve significantly fewer people.

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An entrepreneur must also constantly monitor new products and innovative developments in the field of asphalt production. Due to the fact that this material is often used in construction and in large volumes, many companies are developing some more advanced technologies. In some cases, even franchise agreements are offered, and a businessman who is hesitant to start his own business without the support of a more experienced company may consider such offers. But in any case, you will have to spend a lot of effort searching for clients, this is especially true if there are a large number of competitors. However, you should post information about yourself on thematic portals on the Internet, and perhaps even create your own website, which will contain the companies’ proposals for cooperation.

Such a business can be a promising endeavor if you select high-quality and reliable equipment, find nearby suppliers of raw materials, business partners and potential customers. However, launching this type of business will require several million rubles, and sometimes several tens of millions. However, such a direction may be of interest to investors or credit institutions, thanks to which it will be possible to find funds in the form of borrowed capital for the start.

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