Message on the topic e a Baratynsky. Obituary for Evgeny Baratynsky. Travel to Naples

Evgeny Baratynsky (1800-1844)

Evgeny Abramovich Baratynsky was born on February 19, 1800 in the village of Vyazhle, Kirsanovsky district, Tambov province, on the estate of his father, Adjutant General Abram Andreevich Baratynsky. “The ancient Polish clan of the Korczak coat of arms, descending from Zoard, the head of one of the hordes that flooded Eastern Europe in the 5th century. Boratynsky's surname was first taken by Dmitry, the chancellor of the Russian lands, after the name of the castle "God's Defense", built by his father ... and began to be written "de Boratyn". In the 5th tribe after Bozhidar, Jan Boratynsky ... marked himself in the reign of Sigismund I with military exploits. Jan's great-grandson, Ivan Petrovich, became shabby, turning into a Velsky gentry, went to Russia, converted to Orthodoxy, was made up in the Smolensk province of the estates ... "

Baratynsky received his initial education at home; his first uncle was the Italian Borghese. Baratynsky's dying message, written two weeks before the poet's death in Naples, is dedicated to him: "To an Italian uncle." In 1811, Baratynsky was sent to St. Petersburg to receive an education, where he studied in a German boarding school, and then in a page corps. In the corps, Baratynsky made friends with the pages, who violated not only the rules of corps discipline, but also the basic requirements of honor. In February 1816, Baratynsky, along with another page, was expelled from the corps by royal order with a ban on ever entering military service. After being expelled for two years, Baratynsky lived with his mother in the Tambov province, periodically visiting his uncle B. A. Baratynsky in the Smolensk province. In 1818, Baratynsky traveled to St. Petersburg, where, after much trouble, he managed in 1819 to enter a private in the Life Guards Jaeger Regiment. In St. Petersburg, Baratynsky became friends with A. Delvig, who was the first to appreciate his outstanding poetic gift and even published one of Baratynsky's poems without his knowledge. At the same time, the young Baratynsky became close friends with Pushkin, Pletnev, Gnedich, and partly with Zhukovsky. He also met with many of the future Decembrists, in particular with Kuchel-beker, but neither he (Baratynsky), nor Delvig were not initiated into the mysteries of the already existing political society.

At the beginning of Baratynsky's literary activity, his poems appeared in many St. -whether the young author is famous. In 1820, Baratynsky was promoted to non-commissioned officer and transferred to the Neishlot infantry regiment stationed in Finland. The stay in Finland had a significant impact on the poet's work, determining his interest in Northern European culture, which was reflected in the choice of themes and plots of Baratynsky's works (the poem "Eda", the poem "Finland").

In the spring of 1825, Baratynsky was finally promoted to officer; soon after that, he retired and moved to Moscow, where on June 9, 1826 he married the eldest daughter of Major General Engelhardt, Nastasya Lvovna. “The latter was not only tender and loving wife, but also a woman with a delicate literary taste: the poet was often surprised at the fidelity of her critical view. He found in her an encouraging sympathy for his inspirations and hurried to read to her everything that only came out from under his pen.

After his marriage, Baratynsky entered the survey office, but soon retired. In the thirties, the poet lived for some time in Kazan, where at the same time he came Pushkin, who collected materials for the history of the Pugachev rebellion. In Kazan, Baratynsky received the sad news of his death Delviga.

During his Moscow life, Baratynsky became close friends with Prince Vyazemsky, Denis Davydov, with whom he visited Dmitriev, as well as with other Moscow writers and poets: I. Kireevsky, Yazykov, Khomyakov, Pavlov. Baratynsky constantly corresponded with Pushkin and Zhukovsky.

Since the autumn of 1839, Baratynsky with his whole family - his wife and nine children - lived in the countryside, on the Tambov estate with his mother and in the suburbs in the village of Muranovo. The poet loved village life and enjoyed housekeeping, while at the same time not abandoning his creative pursuits. In 1842 Baratynsky published collection of poems "Twilight". This included works written in 1835-1842. Earlier, in 1826, a separate edition of the poem "Eda" and "Feasts" appeared, in 1827 - the first collection of poems, in 1828 - the poem "Ball", in 1831 - the poem "The Concubine" (original name "Gypsy"), finally, in 1835, a second collection of poems appeared in two parts.

In the autumn of 1843, Baratynsky fulfilled his long-standing desire: he went abroad with his wife and older children. He visited Berlin, Frankfurt and Dresden, and in the winter of 1843-1844. spent in Paris. Here the Russian poet rotated in the salons and met the writers Nodier, both Thierry, Sainte-Bev, Prosper Mérimée. At the request of some of his new French friends, he translated prose into French about 15 of his poems.

In the spring of 1844, the Baratynskys left Paris for Naples. During the journey by sea, the poet wrote the poem "Piroskaf", published in 1844 in Sovremennik. The doctor did not advise the poet to go to Naples, fearing the harmful effects of the sultry Neapolitan climate. These fears, unfortunately, were justified. Baratynsky was prone to severe headaches. On June 29 (and July), 1844, Baratynsky died suddenly in Naples. A year later, his body was transported to St. Petersburg and on August 30, 1845, he was buried in the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, next to the graves of Gnedich and Krylov.

Creativity Evgeny Abramovich Baratynsky belongs to the most peculiar and specific phenomena of the Russian romantic movement. Baratynsky is a romantic, a poet of modern times, who absorbed his sorrows and sorrows, exposing the internally contradictory, complex spiritual world of his contemporary man. For all his outward restraint, the artist invested in art a great personal passion, "heart convulsions." Baratynsky's thought, full of anxiety and restlessness, is closely connected with a deep inner feeling. Pushkin, who shrewdly grasped main feature his poetry, wrote: "He is original with us - for he thinks." But he immediately added: "... while he feels strongly and deeply." This amazing combination of rationalism with the high spirituality and emotionality inherent in the romantic movement, noticed by Pushkin, which grew on Russian soil, gave rise to a completely new quality of the poet's lyricism (“Thought is the subject of his inspiration.” V. G. Belinsky).

The search of the poet led him to the creation of the famous book " Twilight”, published in 1842 and which was one of the highest rises of Russian lyric poetry XIX century. It was in "Twilight" - a brilliant cycle of philosophical lyrics, united by a single theme and a single author's mood, that the power and depth of Baratynsky's poetry were most fully revealed.

Nowhere does the most peculiar lyricism of thought, the passion of philosophical reflections, the atmosphere of intellectualism, high spirituality achieve such tension, such amazing power as in this book. The lyrics of "Twilight" with its harsh tragic structure was a sensitive reflection of the time: behind the verses of "Twilight" was the experience of history, the cold breath of the "Iron Age" was heard, the image of which becomes the main one in the book. The “Iron Age” is not only the “age-merchant” with its power of money and the prosaic nature of relations, but at the same time a generalized expression of the oppressive atmosphere of the reign of Nicholas.

After the death of Baratynsky, long decades of almost complete oblivion of his works began. And only at the end of the last and the beginning of this century, interest in the poet's work revived again, including from the side of figures of the symbolist direction, who declared him their forerunner.

Creativity Baratynsky, a great and sensitive artist, one of the creators of philosophical lyrics, had and continues to have a significant impact on the development of domestic poetry. Pushkin, Lermontov, Tyutchev, Blok, Bryusov - each of them somehow took into account the literary experience of Baratynsky.

As befits a Russian poet, Evgeny Abramovich Baratynsky (1800-1844) , was born into a fairly wealthy family that had high position in society. Evgeny Abramovich's parents were nobles, close to the king. The very same family of the poet had roots in the Polish gentry.
The poet's father was Abram Andreevich Baratynsky, lieutenant general under Emperor Paul 1, and mother - Alexandra Fedorovna, was a maid of honor under the Empress Maria Feodorovna herself. The poet was born 2 Martha 1800 city, in the small village of Mara, in the Tambov province.
Father's death in 1810 year, the poet found at a very early age. After this fatal event for the Baratynsky family, the upbringing of little Zhenya was taken over by her mother.
IN 1812 year, Eugene enters the Petrograd Page Corps, from which he is expelled in 1816 year for theft. Because of this crime, the poet was forbidden to enter any military service, except for a soldier.
It is believed that this case was the catalyst for his existential views.
IN 1819 , the poet entered the service of the Petrograd Guards Chasseurs Regiment as an ordinary ordinary soldier.
It was during his service in St. Petersburg that Evgeny Baratynsky struck up friendly and creative relations with such masters as Delving, Pletnev, Zhukovsky, Pushkin, Kuchelbecker.
Before 1826 years, the poet was in the service in Finland, where he wrote quite prolificly. It was during that period that such famous works of the poet as "Finland", the poem "Eda", "Waterfall" were born. Influential friends of Baratynsky did not abandon their attempts to obtain a pardon from the emperor, but the poet's work was too independent...
It is worth noting that Baratynsky was infatuated with the wife of General Zakrevsky - A.F. Zakrevskaya, in 1824 year. This hobby brought the poet a lot of painful emotions, but at the same time it was deeply imprinted in his work of that time, in particular in such poems as "Fairy", "I am reckless, and it's not a wonder ...", etc.
But still in 1825 Baratynsky received an officer rank, after which he left the service and settled in Moscow, where he soon married Nastasya Lvovna Engelgard.
It was during this period that a major edition of his works was published.
WITH 1832 year, the poet became one of the authors of the magazine "European", where he worked until its closure, which happened two issues later.
Three years later, in 1835 year, Baratynsky published his second collection of creativity. The last work of the author was the collection "Twilight", released in 1842 year.
IN 1843 year, the poet left for Europe, where he stayed in Paris for six months in meetings with creative and public figures of France.
The death of the poet caught suddenly. 11 July 1844 of the year, after a short illness, Evgeny Abramovich Baratynsky died suddenly in the city of Naples. The poet was buried in St. Petersburg, in the Nevsky Monastery.

Baratynsky Evgeny Abramovich, whose biography is of sincere interest to fans of poetic lyrics, is a famous Russian poet of the 19th century, a contemporary and friend of Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin.

Childhood

Born February 19, 1800 in a poor family of nobles, who lived in the Tambov province. His mother, Alexandra Fedorovna, was a maid of honor, and his father, Abram Andreevich, was an adjutant general.

The boy from early childhood owned foreign languages. French was adopted in the Baratynskys' house, at the age of 8 Zhenya spoke it fluently. He learned Italian thanks to his uncle, the Italian Borghese, and studied German in a private boarding school in St. Petersburg, where his parents sent him in 1808.

In 1810, his father died, and the mother, an intelligent, educated woman, completely shouldered the burden of raising her son. In 1812, Eugene entered the Corps of Pages in St. Petersburg. There, with a certain group of comrades, he took part in pranks that ended very sadly for him. One of them bordered on a crime (theft) and became the reason for the exclusion of a young man from educational institution without entitlement to public service except for the soldier.

This shameful incident had a strong effect on the 15-year-old Eugene. The young man was more than once ready to say goodbye to life. As if through a dark glass, he began to look at the world Evgeny Baratynsky. His poems had a pessimistic mood, bordering on mental anguish, experienced the pangs of shame.

Baratynsky Evgeny Abramovich: biography

After being expelled, Baratynsky went to the Tambov province, to the village with his mother. Periodically visited his uncle - Admiral B. A. Baratynsky, who lived in the Smolensk province. Life in the countryside fully awakened poetic talent in Eugene. rhyming lines early period were quite weak, but for a couple Baratynsky gained confidence and his own individual style.

In 1819, Yevgeny Baratynsky, whose poems are studied by the school curriculum, was enlisted in the St. Petersburg Chasseurs Regiment as a private. Interest in literature during this period prompted him to the fact that the young author purposefully began to seek acquaintance with writers. His work was appreciated by Anton Antonovich Delvig, who had a significant influence on the writing style of Baratynsky. The writer morally supported the young man, helped in the publication of his own works and introduced him to such famous writers as Pyotr Pletnev, Wilhelm Kuchelbecker, and Alexander Pushkin.

"I'm reckless - and no wonder!" - Yevgeny Baratynsky refers to Delvig in this poem, written in 1823, where he talks about his heart suffering, and the publication of the book “Two Stories in Verse”, which included Baratynsky’s poems “The Ball” and Pushkin “ Count Nulin.

Years in Finland

In 1820, Yevgeny Abramovich Baratynsky, whose biography is of sincere interest to admirers of his work, as a non-commissioned officer, ended up in the Neishlot regiment, based in Finland. There he stayed for 5 years. He led a calm, solitary life. were a couple of officers whom he met with the regimental commander. This period, which left the deepest impressions in the mind of Baratynsky, was clearly reflected in his poetry. The harsh land was described in the poems "Waterfall", "Finland", "Eda".

Epigrams, madrigals, elegies and messages from Baratynsky periodically began to appear in the press. The poem "Feasts", published in 1820, brought him particular success. At this time, Eugene became close to the memoirist and historian N.V. Putyata, with whom he kept friendship until the end of his days. Nikolai Vasilievich described Yevgeny as a thin, pale man, whose features expressed the deepest despondency.

Baratynsky Evgeny Abramovich: interesting facts

Thanks to Putyata's petition, in 1824 Eugene was allowed to come to Helsingfors (the capital of Finland). There he was at the corps headquarters of General Zakrevsky and was very much carried away by his wife Agrafena. The poet dedicated many lines of poetry to his muse (“To me with noticeable rapture”, “Justification”, “No, the rumor deceived you”, “Fairy”, “Ball”, “I am reckless - and it’s not a miracle!”). Yevgeny Baratynsky suffered a lot because of this love. Later, the conqueror of men's hearts had an affair with A. S. Pushkin.

In the meantime, Baratynsky's friends stubbornly sought for him to be awarded an officer's rank and all the time ran into a refusal from the emperor. The reason for this was the independent nature of the writer's work, his oppositional statements. Baratynsky was not a Decembrist, but the ideas that were embodied in his activities secret societies completely took over his mind. Political opposition was reflected in the epigram on Arakcheev, the elegy "The Tempest", the poem "Stans". Finally, in 1825, Eugene was promoted to officer, which gave him the opportunity to control his own destiny. He settled in Moscow, started a family (Yevgeny Baratynsky's wife was Nastasya Lvovna Engelgard) and soon retired.

The settled life of Baratynsky

His life became monotonous; the wife had a restless character, which caused a lot of suffering to Eugene and influenced the fact that many friends moved away from him.

Mirnaya family life smoothed out in the poet all that rebellious, violent that tormented him last years. The poet lived in the capital, then in his estate (the village of Muranovo), then in Kazan, often traveled to St. Petersburg.

In 1839, Baratynsky met Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov. In Moscow, he made friends with such writers as N. F. Pavlov, A. S. Khomyakov, I. V. Kireevsky, S. A. Sobolevsky. The result of the first period of Yevgeny Baratynsky's work was a collection of his poems published in 1827.

Creativity Baratynsky

The defeat of the Decembrist uprising drastically changed the social life of Russia, which could not but be reflected in the poetry of Baratynsky. The themes of loneliness, great sorrow, the glorification of death as "the resolution of all chains" ("Death", "What are you days for," "Last Death", "Short," "What is the slave's dream of freedom for?") came to the fore in his creativity. In the poems, pessimistic motifs of grief, the doom of art, the inferiority of human nature, and the impending death of mankind are acutely felt.

In 1832, the European magazine began to be published; Baratynsky became one of the active authors. There were only two publications, after which the magazine was banned. The great Russian poet, having lost a strong impulse to verbal labors, fell into a hopeless aching melancholy.

In 1835, the second edition of his works was published, which at that time seemed to be the end of his career. The last book published during Baratynsky's lifetime was the collection Twilight (1842), which brought together poems from the 1830s and 1840s and was dedicated to Prince Andreevich. It clearly expresses the contradiction between historical progress and the spiritual and aesthetic nature of man.

Travel to Naples

From the end of 1839 Baratynsky Yevgeny Abramovich (years of life - 1800-1844) with his wife and nine children lived in the Muranovo estate near Moscow, which later belonged to the Tyutchevs. The poet liked village life: he was happy to do housework, without stopping creative searches.

In 1843, Yevgeny Abramovich Baratynsky, whose biography was coming to an end, went abroad with his older children and wife, spent six months in Paris, met with writers and public figures of France. To acquaint the French with his poetry, the poet translated several poems into their native language.

In 1844 Baratynsky went by sea to Naples via Marseille. Even at the beginning of the journey, he felt unwell, besides, the doctors warned him about the possibility of adverse effects of the sultry climate of Italy. Upon arrival in Naples, Baratynsky's wife suffered a painful seizure on a nervous basis, which had a very strong effect on Yevgeny Abramovich. He had a sharp increase in headaches, which often bothered him. The day after the incident - July 11, 1844 - Baratynsky died suddenly.

The body of the poet was transported to St. Petersburg and buried at the Lazarevsky cemetery, in the Alexander Nevsky Monastery.

Poetry Baratynsky - poetry of thought

As the great Russian poet Alexander Pushkin said, Baratynsky's poetry is the poetry of thought. A poet of modern times, a romantic with a complex peace of mind, full of sorrow and sorrow, investing great personal passion in art, was original, because he thought correctly and independently. Belinsky rightly believed that of all the poets - contemporaries of Pushkin, the first place is occupied by Baratynsky Yevgeny Abramovich. His work is a huge legacy for the modern generation. After the death of Baratynsky, a long period of almost complete oblivion of his works began. Interest in the poet's work revived in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

The school curriculum includes a poem written by Yevgeny Baratynsky in 1832 - "Spring". With unique trepidation and tenderness, the author conveys all the unusualness of the arrival of spring. Nature under the pen of Baratynsky seems to come to life, breathes and sings.

A completely opposite mood in the poem "Where is the sweet whisper ...". Yevgeny Baratynsky describes the arrival of winter, its chilling cold, gloomy sky and angry raging wind.

Evgeny Abramovich Baratynsky Salnikov Spartak Pupil of the 8th grade of the MAOU “Gymnasium named after N.V. Pushkov» Head Mazurova Elena Anatolyevna

Childhood Baratynsky was born on February 19. (March 2) 1800 in his father's estate Mara near Tambov. His father came from an old Polish family. Under the guidance of an Italian tutor, he gave his son an excellent education. At the age of five, the boy already knew French and Russian so well that he could read on his own, and by the age of eight he was fluent in writing letters in these languages.

Mother Then, while studying at the St. Petersburg Corps of Pages, Boratynsky wrote her very warm and eloquent letters, by which one can judge the character of the future poet: nobility, tender affection for loved ones, a tendency to melancholy, pessimism, inability to quickly converge with people. After the death of his father, Baratynsky's closest person was his mother, Alexandra Fedorovna. A determined and energetic woman, after the death of her husband, took on the entire burden of managing a large family and estate.

A dark spot on the fate of the future poet He had the imprudence to join the society of little rebels that arose among the pages. They took revenge on especially unloved and captious teachers and warders of the corps: they pierced hats, smeared chairs with ink, wrote insulting inscriptions on the backs of teachers' coats with chalk. Most often it was the word "drunkard"... They expelled him with shame and scandal, after which he was categorically forbidden to serve anywhere. The mother tried her best to help her son, to give him the best. But, as often happens, remaining deaf to Yevgeny's request to appoint him to the maritime department, made his life miserable.

An adult young man had to answer for the childishness of childhood. After meeting Zhukovsky in absentia in April 1816, Baratynsky spent more than two years on his uncle's estate in the Smolensk region, where the first lines of the poet were born.

Chronicles of the poet's service After being expelled from the Corps of Pages, Baratynsky's service, however, did not end. In 1819, he entered the Life Guards Jaeger Regiment, stationed in St. Petersburg, as a private. In 1820 he was promoted to non-commissioned officer and served in the Neishlot regiment in Finland, in the fortification of Kyumen and its environs. In the autumn of 1824, Baratynsky received permission to come to Helsingfors (then called Helsinki) and be at the corps headquarters of General Zakrevsky. In 1825 he was finally promoted to officer. And in January 1826, the "singer of feasts" (Pushkin's expression) retired and settled in Moscow.

Helsingfors His life in Helsingfors was bright, noisy and restless. The fascination with the beautiful Agrafena Fedorovna Zakrevskaya, the wife of the governor-general (whom Pushkin called "The lawless comet in the circle of calculated luminaries") brought Baratynsky many painful experiences and brought to life beautiful lines of a whole cycle of poems, which later became romances. I smoked incense to others. But I carried you in the shrine of the heart; He prayed for new models, But with the anxiety of an Old Believer. ("Assurance". 1824)

Decembrists Soviet researchers ranked Baratynsky in the "Decembrist" circle. In the poem "Stans" (1827), he, paraphrasing Pushkin's lines relating to the Decembrists, quoted by Vyazemsky in the Moscow Telegraph a year earlier, will say: I knew the brothers; but young dreams Have united us for a moment: Others live in misery far away, And there are no others in the world.

Retirement Being promoted to officer gave Baratynsky the right to retire. Taking advantage of it, the poet left for Moscow, where he married Anastasia Lvovna Engelhardt - a person of "non-elegiac appearance", but who managed to bind the sad and thoughtful poet to herself. After the release of the poem "Ball", Baratynsky finally gets all the glory he deserved. In his Foresight, he wrote: My gift is poor, and my voice is not loud, But I live, and on earth my being is kind to Someone: My distant descendant will find him In my poems; how to know? my soul will be with his soul in intercourse, And as I found a friend in the generation, I will find the reader in the offspring. And the lines turned out to be very prophetic.

Glory The full glory that came to Baratynsky led Baratynsky to meet many interesting people, among whom was Vyazemsky, who later wrote about the poet: "The more you rub it, the better and stronger it smells. In it, in addition to talent, the base is dense and beautiful!" However, this glory did not last long. After the unsuccessful release of the poem "The Concubine", the poet withdraws into himself and writes on the table. "Let's close in our own circle, like the first Christian brothers... Let's write without printing." (letter to I. Kireevsky dated March 14, 1832.)

The last collection The third, last collection of poems, Baratynsky released in 1842 and dedicated it to P. Vyazemsky. It was called "Twilight", included 26 poems, differing in philosophical cyclicality unusual for Russian poetry. The through lyrical image of the book: the tragic awareness of the loneliness of a person in a deaf world and the passionate need to recall the "other soul". The appearance of "Twilight" was compared by critics with "a ghost suddenly appeared on the street, with a shadow among the perplexed faces of descendants." Boratynsky was called a bright, wonderful poet of thought, completely alien to our generation.

The death of the poet The winter of 1843-44 takes place in Paris. Life begins to attract Baratynsky with the brightness of colors and new horizons. He even suggests returning home “healed of many prejudices.” But, having lived in Naples for two months, excited by new impressions, full of ideas and plans, plunging into life-giving memories of childhood, on June 29, 1844, as a result of an unexpected cerebral hemorrhage, shocked by a nervous the poet suddenly died in a seizure that happened to his wife.On August 31, 1845, Baratynsky was interred in the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.The life circle of twilight and enlightenment inaudibly closed.

Evgeny Abramovich was born on February 19, 1800 in a family of the nobility. The Mara estate, where the Baratynskys lived, was located in the Tambov province.

Having given the boy a traditional home upbringing and education in noble families, in 1812 he had to go to St. Petersburg, because. his parents sent him to the Corps of Pages, an elite military school.

They taught in the Corps of Pages not particularly diligently, and with moral education, the situation was rather weak.

In 1816, Eugene fell under the influence of a bad company and became a participant in a serious crime - theft. As a result, he was expelled from the corps, depriving him of the right to enter the service, with the exception of a simple soldier. These events broke Baratynsky and strongly influenced the formation of his character.

For three years, his relatives fussed about forgiveness, while he himself was inactive. But there was one option - to start from scratch, becoming an ordinary military man, and advance in the service to the officer rank. And in 1818 he arrived in St. Petersburg, and he was enrolled in the royal guard.

Debut in literature

Baratynsky, who had loved poetry since childhood and composed poetry himself, during these years of service met several people from the literary environment, in particular Delvig, who, in turn, introduced a new friend to Pushkin and became Baratynsky's mentor and patron in literary affairs.

Soon, the first poems of E. Baratynsky appeared in the press, which were met quite approvingly. In particular, Pushkin wrote quite commendable words about the "harmoniousness and maturity" of his elegies. And if certain successes appeared in the work of Yevgeny Abramovich, then military service did not advance.

In 1820 he was promoted to the rank of non-commissioned officer and transferred to Finland. There he spent more than five years, but he had the opportunity to come to St. Petersburg, often and for a long time.

The service did not particularly burden him, so he devoted a lot of time to literature. His literary fame grew. And friends at that time were hard at work so that Baratynsky received an officer's rank. Finally, in 1825, he received the rank of warrant officer, after which he immediately retired and left for Moscow. He moved in the circles of progressive literary youth, close to the Decembrists, and this also influenced his formation.

He was in opposition to the existing police regime, and even his poems denouncing Arakcheev and the autocracy have been preserved. And yet Baratynsky was not obsessed with topical political topics, and those verses were the only ones and not characteristic of him. He focused more and more on philosophical and purely artistic interests.

20s: creative crisis

In the mid-20s, Baratynsky was in search of new creative ways. He no longer accepted the genre of elegy and called the poets of this genre "those who fell in love with sadness." He tried to present the romantic poem in a new way with the help of a realistic manner of presentation. Such are the poems "Eda", "Ball" and "The Concubine" (1825 - 1831). A.S. Pushkin spoke approvingly of these poems. But they did not have lasting success.

30s: philosophical lyrics

In the 30s, Baratynsky finally finds his way. And he found it in philosophical poetry. It was the genre of philosophical lyrics that nurtured in him a major poet with a "non-general expression" of his creative image. And Pushkin again noted Baratynsky's achievements in the "poetry of thought", speaking of the independence of his thought, of deep and strong feelings, of poetic originality.

Late period

In subsequent years, he stood on the positions of the enemy of the coming "Iron Age" and its "industrial concerns", which killed the "dreams of poetry". But the advanced ideas of the century remained alien to the poet. And as a result, his later lyrics are full of feelings of loneliness, doom, disbelief in the future.

The main theme of the late lyrics is the tragic fate of the poet, who is destined to perish in the new "Iron Age". As a result, he was gradually rejected by his contemporaries. Belinsky pronounced a condemning verdict on him.

In 1842, Baratynsky's last poetry collection was published with the "talking" title "Twilight". She was not noticed by critics or readers. In 1843 Yevgeny Baratynsky went to live abroad. During the year he lived in Germany and France, and then in Italy. On July 29, 1844, in Naples, Baratynsky died suddenly.