109. World War II fighter Messerschmitt Bf.109 Description of the aircraft design

During the German campaign in the East, the Messershmitt BF 109 was the main fighter aircraft of the Luftwaffe. Despite their small numbers, they achieved considerable success in air combat.

Since 1941, during the Balkan campaign, the main fighter of the German Air Force was the Messershmitt BF 109E. But by the time of the attack on the USSR, the Luftwaffe was dominated by the BF 109F, although their number was only 609 vehicles, plus 57 fighter-bombers.

Messershmitt BF 109 photo

In the northern and central direction of the front, there were two air armies, which were armed only with BF 109E fighters, and in the southern sector, five units of the 4th fleet, consisting of BF 109E and 109F fighters. By the end of the first day of the invasion, this aircraft had actually destroyed 1,200 Red Army aircraft, both on the ground and in the air.
The main aircraft of Soviet aviation were I 153 and I 16. Although they were more maneuverable than German fighters, they were inferior to them in speed and climb rate. The Luftwaffe had air superiority from the very beginning of the war, having virtually no reserves, relying on the quality of its equipment and the skill of its pilots.

But over time, the number of combat-ready vehicles began to decline. The situation worsened due to the transfer from Moscow to the Mediterranean bridgehead of one air army, which consisted of several of the best fighter groups. German pilots still had an advantage in the number of combat vehicles, but German industry could not satisfy the Luftwaffe command's need for these fighters.

Messershmitt BF 109 photo museum

In 1942, German air units began to switch to BF 109G fighters. This vehicle had more powerful engines and developed greater speed, although its maneuverability decreased. This aircraft appeared at the right time, since the Yak-1 aircraft entered service with Soviet aviation, and at the end of 1942 - the Yak-7 and Yak-9.

The appearance of Yakov changed the situation in the air. German aces still dominated the air, but the scales of superiority began to tip in favor of Soviet aviation, as the quantitative and qualitative components of the Soviet Union's fighter aviation grew.

Messershmitt BF 109 model

PolishPZLagainst the Messerschitts

When the Russian Aerospace Forces entered the fight against ISIS and terrorists in Syria, everyone was impressed by the success of our aviation. Precision missile and bomb strikes. Video footage provided by the Russian command. Reports of destroyed militant bases, bombed caravans with oil, warehouses with weapons and ammunition. The attacks from the ships of the Caspian Flotilla by Long-Range Aviation aircraft really surprised the whole world. Everyone understood that the Russian armed forces, indeed, have significantly gained in combat power over the last ten years. They show excellent combat training and excellent command of weapons and equipment.

All this is true, but given that our Aerospace Forces are using new equipment and weapons in the Syrian war, our successes are quite natural. Despite the fact that the Tu-95 is far from a new aircraft, its avionics, weapon control systems, and navigation systems are quite at the level of the 21st century.

A little history

In the world history of wars, for me personally, successes seem more impressive when a clearly weaker army successfully confronts a stronger and more powerful enemy. When they fight with outdated equipment and old weapons against a well-equipped and trained enemy.

From the very recent (by historical standards, of course) past, the battles of Polish pilots against Goering aces with extensive combat experience and flying modern powerful machines look very impressive.

Beginning of the war

Judge for yourself: by August 31, the 1st Air Fleet of General of Aviation Kesselring and the 4th Air Fleet of General of Aviation Löhr were located near the border of Poland and at nearby airfields.

In total, there are about 1,800 combat aircraft, of which only Bf-109 fighters of various modifications are 197 pieces. There are 95 Bf-110 heavy escort fighters. And they were flown by the most experienced pilots of famous squadrons, such as the famous “Condor Legion” and Jagdgeschwader 54 “Grunherz”.

They were equipped with modern Bf-109E fighters, which only entered the squadrons at the beginning of 1939. Many pilots had experience fighting in Spain and the Battle of Britain.

What could the Polish Air Force oppose to the Luftwaffe?

At the beginning of the war, the Poles had 44 bombers and 142 fighters. The main fighters were the PZL P.7a and PZL P.11. These are braced upper wings, with a low-power engine, produced back in the early 30s.

Imagine these planes against Messerschmitt 109s and 110s. You don't need to be a big technical specialist to understand how outdated the cars produced in the early 30s were by 1939. What was it like to fight against the Germans on them? The PZL speed at altitude was a maximum of 390 km/h. The Me-109 has 573 km/hour. And although both were armed with approximately the same weapons, the advantage in single combat was of course on the side of the 109th.

And yet, Polish pilots not only flew them, but also shot down famous Luftwaffe aces. The Polish fighter brigade took the first blow. Its two divisions consisted of two squadrons. The 111th, 112th, 113th and 123rd squadrons had 29 PZL P.11c, P.15a - 15 pieces. There were also 10 PZL P.7a exhausted by flight school cadets. Three old communications planes didn’t count at all.

The brigade took on its first battle in full force at 6.45 am, September 1st. Having risen to intercept a wave of He-111 bombers, they entered into battle with the covering Me-110.

In the first battle, the P.11c of Second Lieutenant Polushinsky was shot down, but Major Grabman’s plane was shot down by the Poles, and he himself was wounded. Later on the same day, the brigade again entered into an unequal battle with an escort of bombers - Me-109.

September 1. German losses. 2 Me-109s were shot down by Second Lieutenant Borovsky and Second Lieutenant Radomsky (113 Squadron). 2 Me-109s were shot down by pilots of the 111th squadron. Commander Sidorovich shot down the Messer, but he himself was shot down. Lieutenant Colonel Paula rammed a German and escaped by parachute.

Fighting on such technically and morally outdated equipment, Polish pilots were not afraid to engage in battle with seasoned German pilots flying high-quality equipment.

September 5. The pilots of the 112th squadron shot down the eminent pilots of the Condor Legion, Major Hammes, and Lieutenant Behrents. These were Me-110 escort fighters. Second Lieutenant Strzembosz and Lieutenant Cebrzynski achieved victory.

Of course, Polish aviation suffered incalculably large losses in the September battles. But the conversation is not about this, but about how even outdated weapons, in the hands of experienced, competent and courageous fighters, can be very effective even against the latest technology.

Entering service in the spring of 1941, the Bf-109 represented the pinnacle of development of the Bf-109 aircraft.
Due to its aerodynamic purity ("licked" engine hood, rounded wing tips, beveled horizontal tail) and controllability, this machine could be considered an ideal fighter. High flight performance was achieved by reducing weapons. As a result, production of the Bf-109F was discontinued after production of 2,300 vehicles.

Armament The Bf-109F-1 modification was armed with two 7.92 mm machine guns and one low-velocity 20 mm cannon in the engine camber, the F-2 had a faster-firing 15 mm cannon, the F-3 was equipped with a 1350 horsepower DB-601E engine. Armament is one 15-mm MG-151/15 motor cannon with 200 rounds of ammunition and two 13-mm MG-17 synchronized machine guns with 500 rounds of ammunition per machine gun. The F-4 featured a fast-firing 20mm cannon and improved armor, while the F-6 was an unarmed reconnaissance aircraft. The plane could carry a ventral jettisonable fuel tank - with this half-measure they tried to increase the range of the plane.

Bf 109-F2 at the Air Force Research Institute. The head of the fighter department of the Air Force Research Institute, military engineer 1st rank A.N. Frolov, analyzed and assessed in detail all the available information on the Bf 109F. He compared the Messer with new types of Soviet fighters, the widespread use of which began in August-September 1941. The report signed on February 14, 1942 stated that the Yak-1 was better suited for combat with the Bf 109F than our other fighters, although it inferior to the Messer in speed and climb rate at low altitudes. The Yakovlev did not have a reliable gas tank protector or a radio station (they were installed only on every tenth car), and the fighter’s mileage was considered unacceptably long.

It was even more difficult for our LaGG-3 to fight the Messerschmitt, since it was much inferior to the enemy in terms of basic flight data, with the exception of the power of small arms and cannon weapons. In addition, the fighter of Lavochkin, Gorbunov and Gudkov remained “difficult” to control, especially when moving from one figure to another. As for the MiG-3, the slats installed on it increased flight safety at speeds close to evolutionary ones. The fighter had good performance at altitudes of 5000 m or more, but battles there occurred extremely rarely, and near the ground it lost to the lighter Messerschmitts. The weight of a MiG-3 salvo turned out to be insufficient to successfully destroy enemy aircraft, especially bombers.

In his conclusions, Frolov wrote: “The enemy has an advantage in basic flight tactical data over all types of our new fighters up to an altitude of 2000 m... The takeoff and landing properties of our machines are unsatisfactory (they are especially bad for the LaGG-3). The length of the takeoff run is long, and the tendency to turn to the right complicates the takeoff in formation and requires special attention when taking off from limited field areas. Large landing speeds and lengths of run also require exceptional attention and sufficient experience in accurately calculating the landing approach...”

Conclusions are conclusions, but the need to conduct detailed tests of the Messerschmitt has not disappeared. Chance helped here. On February 22, 1942, the commander of the 8th detachment of the JG51 squadron, Lieutenant A. Nis, went off course and was fired upon by a machine gun in the area of ​​the Tushinsky airfield. Damage to the radiator and a hole in the gas tank forced the German officer to make an emergency landing at the location of Soviet troops.

The Messer, captured by the Red Army, was quickly restored by the technical staff of the 47th Air Division, based in Tushino, but the first flight on the captured fighter ended in an accident - a landing gear leg and a wing tip were broken. The car had to undergo another repair (this time it was carried out by the TsAGI team), after which Bf 109F No. 9209 was transferred to the Air Force Research Institute for comprehensive testing.

Test results noted that the Bf109F was 70 km/h faster at the ground than the Bf 109E, with about half the speed increase coming from the more powerful DB 60IN engine and the other half from better aerodynamics. An important place in the report was occupied by the operational assessment of the fighter. Our experts noted good approaches to engine components, especially spark plugs, conveniently executed engine hooding, and significant ease of piloting due to various automatic devices, including those that regulate the temperature of water and oil in the engine.

We did not rate the cockpit canopy so clearly. On the one hand, it provided a good view forward and to the sides, and the flat glass did not distort visible objects. On the other hand, the canopy could not be opened while the engine was running except by emergency reset. One of the leading pilots of the Air Force Research Institute, Colonel P.M. Stefanovsky, noted an unsatisfactory view of the rear hemisphere - the heavy frame with an armored headrest did not allow him to see the enemy aircraft coming into the tail.

Many of Stefanovsky's colleagues shared his point of view. They also considered the impossibility of flying with the canopy cover open or half-open to be a serious drawback. But the Messerschmitt did not leak oil from the engine seals, like Soviet fighters, when even the canopy would flood. In addition, the transparency of the plexiglass of German cars turned out to be much higher than that of ours.

The test materials allowed us to come to the conclusion that the new Messer is more convenient to operate than domestic fighters. Rozanov identified the area of ​​superiority of the Bf 109F in flight tactical data: from the ground - up to 3000 m. True, test pilot Major Yu.P. Nikolaev, who had previously flown the Bf 109E. noted that the car’s controllability when turning had deteriorated—the fighter reacted with some delay to the deflection of the ailerons. Therefore, despite the ability to turn around at an altitude of 1000 m in 20 seconds, the Messerschmitt had virtually no advantage in horizontal maneuverability over domestic fighters, even if they were slower in turning.

During the tests, the institute’s specialists conducted a training dogfight between a Bf 109F and our Yak-1 (No. 0511) and developed recommendations for the flight personnel of combat units of the Red Army Air Force. It turned out that the higher the planes climbed, the greater the probability of victory for a Soviet fighter. If near the ground the Messer had complete superiority and frontal attacks were recommended to our pilots, then from 3000 m the chances were equalized, and at an altitude of 5000 m the Yakovlev allegedly received a complete advantage in speed and maneuverability. In other words, the pilots were instructed to pull German fighters to altitude.

Alas, these recommendations did not reflect the true state of affairs. From German materials and test results in Great Britain, it followed that the Bf 109F with a DB 60IN engine developed a maximum speed of 597-600 km/h at an altitude of 6000 m, and not 552 km/h, as recorded by the Air Force Research Institute. Consequently, the Messer was superior to all domestic fighters here, including the serial MiG-3. But it is quite understandable why the main attention in the Soviet Union was paid to the characteristics of enemy fighters near the ground. After all, it was there that the main battles took place in the first period of the war, and our aircraft designers were urgently required to improve the flight characteristics of domestic aircraft at low altitudes.

The most popular fighter of the Second World War, the Me-109, was created by Bayerischc Flugzeugwerke designer Willy Messerschmitt in the mid-30s. The first flight of the prototype took place on May 28, 1935. It should be noted that the appearance of the Me-109 was not very interesting to the Luftwaffe command, which preferred the He-112 fighter from Heinkel. Only Messerschmitt’s personal acquaintance with one of the leaders of the Nazi Party of Germany, Rudolf Hess, allowed him to obtain an order from the Luftwaffe for the first 10 prototypes, which were subjected to very rigorous flight tests, which, however, did not reveal significant advantages of the Me-109 in relation to the He-112 .

The competition between the two designers was put to an end by the civil war in Spain, which was used by the leading countries of the world as a kind of testing ground for their weapons. The German Condor Legion, which fought on the side of the rebel General Franco, initially had two Me-109s and one He-112. Low operational reliability and insufficient combat survivability of the Heinkel forced the Luftwaffe command to make the final choice in favor of the Me-109. At the beginning of 1937, it was put into service and already in February of this year, 40 aircraft of the first production modification of the Me-109 B-1 appeared in the skies of Spain.

The design of the Me-109 corresponded to the trend that emerged by the mid-30s towards the transition from biplane fighters with an air-cooled engine to monoplanes with a water-cooled engine. In front of the relatively long and narrow (maximum cross-sectional area of ​​only 0.955 m2) metal fuselage, the Yumo-210 engine was initially installed, then the DV-600, and on the latest modifications - the DB-601 or DB-605. At the same time, the power of the aircraft’s power plant during its serial production increased from 700 to 1,475 hp. s, and when using engine boost systems GM-1 or MW-50, the maximum power could reach 1800-2000 hp. With.

The pilot's cabin, located in the middle part of the fuselage, was covered with a canopy, which consisted of a visor, a middle part that folded to the starboard side, and a part located behind the cockpit. Glazing made of high-quality transparent plastic provided the pilot with good visibility in all directions. The pilot's cabin was equipped with the necessary navigation instruments and instruments for monitoring the operation of aircraft systems. As a rule, an oxygen device was installed on the aircraft, and a radio station was located in the rear fuselage. The latest modifications also used the FuG-25A aircraft identification radio station, which was a transceiver that received signals from a ground-based VHF radio station and automatically emitted a response signal.

Under the pilot's seat and behind the cockpit there were two metal fuel tanks with a total capacity of 400 liters. On some modifications, it was possible to place an additional fuel tank under the fuselage.

The aircraft had a low-lying, trapezoidal wing with a working metal skin, riveted in place. It was exceptionally light in weight. For example, the wing console of Me-109 fighters of modifications B and D weighed only 130 kg without weapons. With the help of special docking units and a jack, the wing console could be replaced in the field by 1-2 mechanics. This was achieved due to the fact that the landing gear was mounted not on the wing, but on the power unit of the fuselage and during flight they were retracted into the wing, where there were niches for them that were not covered by flaps. This solution, however, cannot be considered ideal - the landing gear track turned out to be not wide enough, which, in turn, negatively affected the stability of the aircraft when taxiing on the runway and during takeoff.

The chassis was retracted using a hydraulic drive; the wheels were equipped with hydraulic brakes. The tail of the Me-109 had one design feature: the stabilizer, located approximately half the height of the keel and supported by struts, was made movable, so that, depending on the flight mode, the pilot had the opportunity to change the angle of its installation. The imperfection of the stabilizer adjustment unit, which caused numerous aircraft accidents, was one of the rather numerous “childhood” diseases that plagued the first modifications of the aircraft.

However, from the time it was adopted into service until the start of the Second World War, German designers had enough opportunities to create and launch into mass production a fully mature modification of the Me-109E. “Emil,” as the German pilots called this modification, flew well. Its maximum speed at an altitude of 5000 m was 570 km/h (almost 100 km/h more than that of the Soviet I-16 and I-153 fighters), it climbed to a height of 1000 m in one minute, and to climb 5000 m it required 6.3 minutes.

The plane was stable and controllable in all flight modes. An important circumstance was that the piloting technique was simple and accessible to pilots of average and low average qualifications. The strengthening of the Me-109's armament occurred at approximately the same pace as the power of the engines installed on it increased. To the two synchronous 7.92-mm machine guns of the Me-109B modification installed above the engine, two wing-mounted 7.92-mm machine guns (Me-109S-1) were soon added, which were replaced by 20-mm cannons on the Me-109E-1 modification. the Me-109E-3 and some variants of the Me-109 F and G were additionally equipped with a 20-mm cannon firing through the propeller shaft. Beginning in 1944, the Me-109 began to be equipped with 30-mm MK-108 cannons, the weight of which was three times greater than the weight of a 20-mm cannon projectile. In its fighter-bomber version, the Me-109 could carry four 50 kg bombs or one 250 or 500 kg bomb.

Due to its high flight-tactical characteristics, the above-mentioned modification MS-109E was in production without significant changes during the first two years of the Second World War, and only from 1941 more advanced modifications F, G and K began to appear. Depending on the installed equipment and weapons each modification had several options and sub-options. For example, modification G existed in 12 main variants and in more than 30 subvariants, intended, for example, to perform the tasks of a fighter-bomber or photo reconnaissance aircraft.

The conversion of aircraft was carried out using so-called “conversion kits”. There were two types of kits: with the help of kits of the first type, aircraft were converted in the factory, and kits of the second type were intended for conversion in the field by aircraft repair units. The letters “U” and the number of the corresponding kit were added to the modification designation of aircraft with kits of the first type, and the letter “R” and the kit number when using kits of the second type.

At the initial stage of the Second World War, the Me-109 fighter was at least as good as British fighters and superior to all Soviet fighters. This was greatly facilitated by the improvement of its aerodynamics compared to the first samples. In subsequent years, designers' attention to aerodynamics was weakened in favor of strengthening weapons and increasing engine power.

The result was immediate: the qualitative superiority of Allied fighters compared to similar German aircraft became undeniable. It got to the point that a report from the Luftwaffe test center in Rechlins, compiled in August 1944, which compared the flight tactical data of the Messerschmitt MS-109 and North American P-51 Mustang fighters, directly noted that “the best solution was would stop the development of our piston engine fighters and start building the Mustang.

If there is one fighter that epitomizes the Second World War, and especially the Luftwaffe, it is the Messerschmitt 109. Produced in mass production from the Spanish Civil War until the end of the Second World War, it remained in service in Spain until 1967. The aircraft was constantly improved, equipped with new engines and weapons and remained a very dangerous enemy. He fought on all fronts from the English Channel to Russia, in the skies of Scandinavia and North Africa. This book will tell not only about the history of the creation of this legendary aircraft, but also, with the help of more than 200 drawings, will clearly demonstrate what these aircraft looked like during 1936-1942. The publication is intended for both specialists and a wide range of fans of the history of aviation and military equipment.

Messerschmitt Bf 109E-4 and E-7

Sections of this page:

Messerschmitt Bf 109E-4 and E-7

The Bf 109E-4 modification appeared in May 1940. Compared to the Bf 109E-3, the new vehicle became somewhat heavier. But thanks to additional armor installed in the cockpit behind the pilot (the weight of which reached 50 kg), the pilot’s head and shoulders were now more reliably protected. The need for these improvements became obvious after the first battles with the British. And while some Bf 109E-1 and E-3 vehicles also subsequently received reinforced armor, the Bf 109E-4 were equipped with armored head guards directly on the assembly lines. The binding of the cockpit canopy also changed somewhat, the middle part became faceted (although some early production vehicles still had the same canopies as the Bf 109E-3). The side glazing panels connected to the top panel, now flat, became higher. At the same time, two small ribs on the side edges of the visor disappeared from the binding.

Two wing-mounted 20 mm cannons have been preserved. These were MG FF/Ms that could fire high-explosive shells called Minen-Geschosspatronen (lit. "mine shells"). Such projectiles had better penetration ability, and their thin-walled metal casing contained a larger amount of explosive. The ammunition load remained the same - 60 shells per barrel.

Changes also affected the engine. If the first Bf 109E-4 were equipped with DB 601 A engines, then in mid-1940 new DB 601 N engines began to be installed on them. Increasing the compression ratio by 15% made it possible to increase the take-off power of the engine to 1,200 hp. s., and also get an increase of 50 liters. With. on high. This result was achieved by replacing concave pistons with flat ones.

Externally, the DB 601 N was no different from the DB 601 A, but it ran on SZ gasoline with a higher octane rating, 96 or 1 00 (instead of 87-octane B4). This was indicated by a number in a small yellow or white triangle (the marking was applied to the fuselage behind the cockpit below the fuel tank hatch). Aircraft equipped with the DB 601N engine were designated Bf 109E-4/N.

The successful use of the Bf 109E-1, which could carry bombs suspended under the fuselage, contributed to the emergence of a more powerful fighter-bomber, the Bf 109E-4/B. In this version, the aircraft was equipped with an ETS 500 or ETS 50 bomb rack, which made it possible to carry one 250 kg bomb or four 50 kg bombs. To control the release of bombs, fighter-bombers were additionally equipped with a small remote control under the instrument panel.

The first Bf 109E-4/B fighter-bombers entered Erprobungsgruppe 210 (which tested the Me 210), as well as ll.(Schlacht)/LG 2. From July 1940, they began to be used in combat operations against England.

In February 1941, Luftwaffe operations began in northern Africa. This forced engineers to adapt the aircraft to desert conditions. A tropical filter was installed on the plane to protect the engine from sand getting into it and prevent its premature wear. In April 1941, the modified vehicles, designated Bf 1 04E-4/Trop, arrived with I./JG 27 personnel at Ain al-Ghazala in Libya.

The next modifications were the Bf 109E-5 and E-6, which were used as reconnaissance aircraft. The first, still with the old DB 601A engine and a canopy from the E-4, did not carry wing cannons and was equipped with an Rb 21/1 8 camera with an electric drive. The second one was equipped with a DB 601N engine and a new Rb 50/30 camera.

Introduced in August 1940, the Messerschmitt Bf 109E-7 was a long-range fighter variant. Instead of a 250 kg bomb, it could carry a 300 liter external fuel tank under the fuselage. The new aircraft inherited the DB 601N engine and canopy from the Bf 109E-4, but was externally different from its predecessor with a pointed propeller spinner, without a hole for the gun. The aircraft was also used as a fighter-bomber (Bf 109E-7/B). I./JG 27 supplied vehicles in a tropical version (Bf 109E-7/Trop), with a special filter.

The E-7/Z (Z stands for Zusatzgerat, "additional system") experimented with the GM-1 boost system. The system used nitrous oxide (N 2 0) to supply oxygen to the engine, which gave an increase in power from 250 to 280 hp. With. at an altitude of 8000 m. In February 1941, 80 vehicles were equipped with GM-1. Subsequently, other Luftwaffe fighters were equipped with the GM-1 system. The last submodification of the Bf 109E-7 was the E-7/U2, which received 5 mm thick armor plates to protect the engine and radiator from anti-aircraft artillery fire.

Finally, in August and September 1940, the Bf 109E-8 and E-9 appeared. The E-8 differed from the E-7 in engine and was used as a long-range fighter, while the E-9, with its wing guns removed, was a reconnaissance modification.

Bf 109E-7/Trop from I./JG 27, North Africa, 1941. Pilot Oberleutnant (First Lieutenant) Ludwig Francisket, Gruppeadjutant (Group Adjutant) I./JG 27. Upper surfaces: RLM 79. Lower surfaces: RLM 78 RLM 04 engine hood.

Messerschmitt

© Mikhail Bykov

There is no doubt that the Gustav was an excellent fighter for its time. At an altitude of 6300 m, the plane developed a speed of 640 km/h (for three minutes the car could be accelerated to 650 km/h), and gained an altitude of 6000 m in 5.1 minutes. Thanks to its qualities, the Gustav was superior to all enemy fighters.

But the car also had its shortcomings. The main one was the very high accident rate of the engine, mass serial production of which began simultaneously with the release of the Gustav. This led to large losses in combat units. The engine problems were primarily attributed to an insufficient lubrication system operating with too low oil pressure. As a result, engine breakdowns often occurred, and numerous cases of spontaneous combustion of aircraft were noted. Despite every effort to provide better ventilation and cooling, the DB 605A motors continued to overheat. This deficiency was completely eliminated only after a year.

Another drawback was also due to the engine. The point is that the powerful engine made it difficult to pilot the plane. Many pilots complained that the Gustav was much more difficult to control than the old Friedrich. This drawback was eliminated only in the spring of 1944, when a tail unit of increased area was installed on the aircraft, and the elevators were equipped with trim tabs. In addition, the tire profile on Gustav was increased. So the main landing gear tires became 660x160 mm instead of 650x150mm, and the tail wheel tire - from 290x110 mm to 350x135 mm. This measure improved the aircraft's stability during takeoff, rollover and taxiing.

The production of fighters was distributed among three companies (WNF, Erla and Messerschmitt). From May to December 1942, 1,586 Gustav-2s were produced. The company WNF was the first to begin production, already in May.

The G-2 aircraft differed from the G-1 only in that they were equipped with a conventional cockpit. Production plans were constantly revised in favor of the simpler Bf 109G-2. Its output grew rapidly. If G-1 was supplied to units operating in the west, then G-2 was used on the Eastern Front. The first G-2s were received by I.JG 54 and III.JG 52. At the beginning of July, the pilots of II.JG 54 moved to the Bf109G-2, and in early August 1942, I/JG 51 received new aircraft. It is curious that only Croats from the 15th squadron of JG 52 were the first to receive new fighters.

After training personnel, primarily technicians (this was necessary due to the fairly high accident rate of the new DB 605A engine), I/JG 1 began combat operation of the Gustavs. The first flights took place at the end of June - beginning of July 1942. I and II/JG 2 mastered the new vehicles by the beginning of July 1942.

Bf 109G-2 being tested at the Air Force Research Institute In the middle of the war, new German fighters continued to be the focus of attention of the Soviet aviation command. Moreover, it was considered necessary to inform Stalin about the improved Messerschmitts. On October 23, 1942, the chief engineer of the Red Army Air Force A.K. Repin reported to the Supreme Commander: “Recently, modified Bf 109F-4 and Bf 109G-2 fighters have appeared at the front, which, according to combat units, have higher horizontal and vertical speed. These aircraft, according to the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Red Army, develop maximum speeds of 625-650 km/h at an altitude of 6700 m. I ask you to set the NKAP the task of designing and building a single-engine fighter with a maximum speed of about 680-700 km/h by the spring of 1943 at altitudes of 6000-7000 m, maximum ground speed of 550-560 km/h, flight technical weight of no more than 3300 kg and with wings made of metal.”

However, I wanted to know more precisely the strengths and weaknesses of the new Bf 109, and for this it was necessary to test the captured fighter as soon as possible. This is exactly the task that was set in the late autumn of 1942 before the leadership of the Air Force Research Institute. Therefore, as soon as a message was received about the capture of a Messerschmitt from group I/JG3 near Stalingrad, captain AG. Proshakov immediately flew there. After simple repairs, he managed to transport the trophy to the repair workshops of the Air Force Research Institute on December 25. At the beginning of January 1943, engineer-captain A.S. Rozanov began studying the Bf 109G-2 No. 13903.

The head of the institute set the task of comparing the German machine with the best experimental and serial Soviet fighters, primarily with the Yak-1, Yak-7b, La-5, Yak-9, as well as the Yak-1 M-106 and I-185 N.N. Polikarpova. An inspection of the test object showed: from the Bf 109F-2 No. 9209 previously studied at the Air Force Research Institute, the new Messer differed in a more powerful DB 605A engine, as well as the installation of additional underwing MG 151 cannons of 20 mm caliber, transparent armor on the front part of the cockpit canopy and 18 -mm plates made of sheet duralumin behind the gas tank.

The flights of experienced test pilots Colonel P.M. Stefanovsky, captains A.G. Proshakov and A.G. Kubyshkin showed that it was difficult for our modern serial fighters to fight on equal terms with the Bf 109G Gustav. On German aircraft, control of the propeller group was more convenient for the pilot than on domestic ones, but visibility from the cockpit, especially to the rear, turned out to be much worse than, say, on the Yak-9. The head of the fighter department, engineer-lieutenant colonel A.N. Frolov, noted the careful sealing of the airframe structure by German engineers and designers: the gaps on the control surfaces were reduced to a minimum, the engine cowlings fit tightly, and rubber gaskets were attached along the contours of the fuselage.

In flight at the highest rate of climb, only the experienced I-185 could compete with the Bf 109G-2, and only the MiG-3 reached a service ceiling of 11,250 m (the best of the production aircraft climbed to 11,500 m). The weight of a second salvo of the Messer was 4.67 kg. Underwing cannons significantly reduced the horizontal maneuverability of the Messerschmitt, which received the designation “five-point” in our country, and the Bf 109G-2/R6 in Germany. It took the “German” 22.6 seconds to make a turn at an altitude of 1000 m (like the serial La-5) and most Soviet fighters could get behind it on the second or third turn.

The Air Force Research Institute conducted a training dogfight between a Bf 109G-2/R6 and a La-5, whose visibility was improved and its weight was reduced by 160 kg. The Lavochkin pilots conducted flights at low altitudes with the afterburner of the M-82 engine turned on. Lieutenant Colonel N.I. Shaurov, who gave a comparative tactical assessment of the aircraft, came to the conclusion: at low and medium altitudes, the modernized Soviet fighter could successfully fight the Messerschmitt. He believed that poor visibility to the rear, difficult control, and the danger of going into a tailspin when pulling the handle on the Messer’s turns made the La-5’s chances no worse even when fighting on verticals. During a long dive, the Bf 109G-2 developed a slightly higher speed, but when both vehicles were launched into horizontal flight, the Lavochkin could catch up with the German due to a steeper trajectory.

At the conclusion of the report on the testing of the “five-point” Bf109G-2, the head of the institute, General P.A. Losyukov, noted the need to bring the materials of the work done to the attention of the combat units of the Red Army Air Force. “To successfully combat the new Messerschmitts, it is urgent to improve the aerodynamics of domestic serial fighters according to TsAGI recommendations, to speed up the production of Yak-1 and Yak-9 aircraft with the M-106 engine and La-5 with the M-82 NV engine (with direct injection) ,” noted the general. Losyukov also drew the attention of the NKAP leadership to the need to urgently eliminate defects that reduce the combat qualities of our fighters.

The influence of test results on the development of the domestic aviation industry can be seen from the military’s appeal to People’s Commissar A.I. Shakhurin:

1. In order to increase the horizontal and vertical speeds of domestic fighters, oblige the chief designers of TT. Shvetsov, Klimov and Nikulin, install hydraulically driven superchargers on the M-71, M-82, M-106, M-107, AM-39 and AM-42 engines. Recommend using automatic fluid coupling control. similar to that available on the DB 605A/1.

2. In order to “free” the pilot from the need to constantly monitor the temperature conditions of the propeller-engine group in air combat, as well as in order to reduce drag due to a more rational opening of the temperature-regulating flaps, oblige the chief designers of tt. Yakovlev and Lavochkin to develop and install automatic machines that regulate the position of radiator dampers and hood flaps.”

Sources

• The German trace in the history of domestic aviation. /Sobolev D.A., Khazanov D.B./
• "Encyclopedia of Military Equipment" /Aerospace Publising/
• "War in the Air" / No. 60, 61 /

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chRTPYUEN, ABOUT RETCHSHCHI RPTBI YЪ-ЪB OEDPCHEDEOOPUFY UYMPCHPK KHUFBOPCHLY OENEGLYN BCHYBUFTPIFEMSN RTYYMPUSH RPKFY RP HTSE OBLBFBOOPNH RKhFY, KHUFBOPCHYCH ABOUT UBNPMEF OPChPK NPDYZHYLBGYY RTETSOYK CHBTYBOF DCHYZBFEMS. rTEDUETYKOSH NBYOSCH Bf 109F-0 RPMKHYUMY NPFPTSCH DB 601 N. fBLPK DCHYZBFEMSH UKHEEUFCHEOOP KHUFKHRBM DB 601e RP NPEOPUFYY CHCHUPFOPUFY (CHMEFOSHCHK TETSYN - 1215 M.U., PDOPNYOKHFOSHCHK VPECHPK TETSYN - 1285 M.U., OPNYOBMSHOBS NPEOPUFSH 1120 M.U ABOUT CHCHUPFE 1500 NY 1085 M.U. ABOUT CHCHUPFE 4000 N), PDOBLP DMS CHFPTPC RPMPCHYOSCH 1940 Z. EZP DBOOSCHE CHUE TSE VSHMY CHEUSHNB OERMPIYNY.

pFЪSCHCHSHCH P MEFOSCHI IBTBLFETYUFYLBI OPCHSHCHY UBNPMEFPCH, RPMHYOOOSCHE CH IPDE CHPKULPCHI YURSHCHFBOYK, PLBBMYUSH UBNSHNY VMBZPRTYSFOSCHNY. nBOECHTEOOPUFSH KHMKHYUYYMBUSH RP UTBCHOOYA U Bf 109E-4/N, PUOBEEOOOSCHN BOBMPZYUOSCHN DCHYZBFEMEN. rPMOSCHK CHYTBTS ABOUT CHCHUPFE 1000 N YUFTEVYFEMSH Bf 109F-0 (ЪБЧ. No. 5605, VK+AC) CHSHRPMOSM UB 18 U, B TBDIKHU CHYTBTSB OE RTECHSHCHYBM 300 N. ULPTPRPDYENOPUFSH X ENMY KHCHEMYYUMBUSH U 17.4DP 19 N/U. dMS OBVPTB CHSCHUPFSCH 5000 N FTEVPCHBMPUSH CHUEZP 5.2 NYO. h GEMPN OPCHSHCHK UBNPMEF PGEOYCHBMUS MEFUYILBNY PUEOSH CHSHCHUPLP, PDOBLP POY CHSHCHULBBMY PRTEDEMOOPE TBUBTPCHBOYE CH UCHSY UP UOYTSEOYEN PZOECHPK NPEY NBYOSCH.

DEMP CH FPN, YuFP U UBNPZP OBYUBMB "ZhTDTYIY" RTEDRPMBZBMY CHPPTHTSYFSH 20-NYMMYNEF-TPCHPK NPFPT-RKHYLPK MG 151 ZHYTNSCH "nBKHYET", PFMYUBCHYEKUS VPME CHSHUPLYN FENRPN UV TEMSHVSH RP UTBCHOOYA U RTETSOYY UTMYLPOPCHULYY RHYLBNY MG/FF (FENR UFTEMSHVSHCH 450 CHSHCHUFT./NYO , OBYUBMSHOBS ULPTPUFSH UOBTSDB 550 N/U). pDOBLP TBTBVPFUYLY PRSFSH UMEZLB OE KHMPTSYMYUSH CH UTPLY, RPFPNH CH TBBCHBME VMPLPCH GYMYODTPCH RTYYMPUSH CHTENEOOOP HUFBOBCHMYCHBFSH YNEOOP MG/FF. lFP PTHDYE U NBZBYOOOPK UYUFENPK ЪBTTSSBoiS, DMYOOSHN IPDPN UFChPMB Y TSDPN DTHZYI PUPVEOOPUFEK NBMP RPDIPDYMP DMS RTYNEOOYS CH UPUFBCHE UYMPCHPK KHUFBOPCHLY, YUFP Y RPDFCHETD YM OEZBFYCHOSCHK FTEIMEFOYK PRSHCHF RPDPVOSHCHI RPRSHFPL. zhayemstsosche RKHMENEFSHCH MG 17 (FENR UFTEMSHVSHCH 1200 CHSCHUFT./NYO, OBYUBMSHOBS ULPTPUFSH RKHMY 762 N/U) U VPELPNRMELFPN RP 500 RBFTOPCH PUFBMYUSH ABOUT RTETSOYI NEUFBI, OBD NPFP TPN, B LTSHMSHECHSHCHE RKHYLY ABOUT "ZHTYDTYIBI" OE KHUFBOBCHMYCHBMYUSH. fBLYN PVTBBPN, YUYUMP UFChPMPCH X RETCHSCHI Bf 109F-0 RP UTBCHOYA U Bf 109e-4 KHNEOSHYYMPUSH ABOUT EDYOYGKH, B NBUUB UELKHODOPZP ЪBMRB UPLTBFYMBUSH RPYUFY CHDCHPE.

rPUME YЪZPFPCHMEOYS 25 RTEDUETYKOSCHI Bf 109F-0 (ЪБЧ. No. 5601 - 5625, YUBUFSH YЪ OYI YURPMSHЪPCHBMBUSH CH LBUEUFCHE RTPFPFPYRPCH) RETCHSHCHK UETYKOSHCHK Bf 109F-1 UPYEM UP UVPTPYUOPK MYOYY CH OPSVTE 1940 Z. choeyoe PO RPYUFY OE PFMYUBMUS PF Rteduetykoschi lenrmstpch, OP ChP'DHIP'BVPTOIL OZOEFBFEMS UFBM LTHZMSCHN CH UEYUEOYY (RP PVTBGH Bf 109V25), CH FP CHTENS LBL X Bf 109F-0 BY VSCHM LPTPVYUBFSHCHN, RPDPVOP "jNYMSN". h TBNLBI ChPKULPCHPK DPTBVPFLY ABOUT UBNPMEFBI Bf 109F-1 HUYMYCHBMBUSH ICHPUFPCHBS YUBUFSH ZHAYEMSTSB RKhFEN RTYLMERSCHCHBOYS YUEFSHTEI NEFBMMYYUUEULYI OBLMBDPL RPCHETI PVYCHLY CH TB KPOE LIMECHPA YRBOSPHFB. OB RPRBCHYI CH bZHTYLKH OENOPZPYUYUMEOOSCHI Bf 109F-1 FBLCE CH TBNLBI CHPKULPCHPK DPTBVPFLY HUFBOBCHMYCHBMY RTPFYCHPRSHMSHOSH ZHYMSHFTSHCH, RPUME YuEZP NBYOSCH RPMKHYUBMY PVPOBYUE OYE Bf l09F-l/trop. oEVPMSHYPK UETYEK VSHMY CHSHCHRHEEOSH YUFTEVYFEMY-VPNVBTDYTPCHAILY Bf 109F-1/B U RPJAYEMSTSOSCHN VBMPYUOSCHN DETSBFEMEN efu 250.

h UEOFSVTE 1940 Z. UREGYBMYUFSH ZHITNSCH "nBKHYET" UKHNEMY OMBBDYFSH UETYKOSHCHK CHSHCHRHUL RKHYLY MG 151U 15-NN UFCHPMPN (FENR UFTEMSHVSHCH 900 CHSHCHUFT./NYO, OBUBMSHOBS ULPTPU FS UOBTSDB 870 N/U). pFNEFYN, YuFP LFP PTHDYE Y CH OBYEK UFTBOYE TBUGEOYCHBMPUSH VSC LBL LTHROPLBMYVETOSHCHK RKHMENEF, B CH ZETNBOY CHRPMOYE PZHYGYBMSHOP, RTYUEN CH PVPYI CHBTYBOFBI (15-NN Y 20-NN), UYUYFBMPUSH RKHMENEFPN ("NBYOEOZETPN"). rP OENEGLPK LMBUUYZHYLBGYY CHTENEO chFPTPK NYTPCHPK CHPKOSHCH FETNYO "RKHYLB" RTYNEOSMUS L PTHDISN LBMYVTB 30 NN Y CHCHCHYE. h UPPFCHEFUFCHYY U PFEYUEUFCHEOOSCHNY LTYFETYSNY RKHMENEFBNY ​​UUYFBMYUSH UFCHPMSHOSHE UYUFENSCH, UFTEMSAEYE RKHMSNY, F.E. VPERTYRBUBNY, OE UPDETTSBEINY CH UCHPEN UPUFBCHE CHTSCHCHYUBFPZP CHEEUFCHB (OP UKHEEUFCHPCHBMY CHEDSH Y TBTSCHCHOSHE RKHMY...). h RTPFYCHPRMPTSOPUFSH YN RHYLY UFTEMSAF UOBTSDBNY U TBTSCHOSCHNY ЪBTSDBNY (OP VSHCHBAF CHEDSH Y VTPOEVPKOSCHE VPMCHBOLY, OE UPDETSBEYE FBLPCHSHI). eEE VPMEE FPOLYN NPNNEOFPN NPTsOP UYYFBFSH PFUHFUFCHYE NEDOPZP OBRTBCHMSAEEZP RPSULB KH RKHMY (UMEDPCHBFEMSHOP - RKHMENEF), Y OBMYUYE EZP X UOBTSDB (UMEDPCHBFEMSHOP - RKHYLB).

yFBL, RHYLKH U 15-NN UFCHPMPN Y VPELPNRMELFPN YЪ 200 RBFTOPCH, PVPOBYUBCHYHAUS CH DPLHNEOFBI LBL MG 151/15, UFBMY KHUFBOBCHMYCHBFSH OB "ZhTDTYIY" CHFPTK UET YY, LPFPTSCHE CH DTHZYI PFOPYEOYSI RTBLFYUEULY OE PFMYUBMYUSH PF RTEDYUFCHEOOILCH. ABOUT TBOOYI Bf 109F-2 FBLCE YNEMYUSH CHOEYOYE HUIMYCHBAEYE OBLMBDLY CH ICHPUFPCHPK YUBUFY, RTYLMERBOOSCH OERPUTEDUFCHEOOP CH ЪBCHPDULYI HUMPCHIYSI. UBNPMEF RPMKHYUM OPCHHA LYUMPTPDOHA UYUFENKH, TBVPFBAEKHA U VBMMPOBNY RPCHSHCHYEOOPZP DBCHMEOYS. VEOЪPVBL ENLPUFSH 400 M YЪZPFPCHYMY YЪ 10-NN TEYOSCH, KHMPTSYCH EZP CH ZhBOETOSCHK LPTPV. TEYOB VSCHMB NOPZPUMPKOPK, CHOKHFTEOOYK UMPC OE CHHMLBOYYTPCHBMUS Y RTY RTPVYFY RKHMEK OBVHIBM CH RTYUKHFUFCHYY VEOYOB, MPLBMYYHS FEYUSH. lPTPV VEOЪPVBLB CHSHRPMOSMUS Y ZHBOETSH FBLCE UP UNSHUMPN: BMANYOYESCHCHE MYUFSCH, RTPVYFSHCHE RKHMEK, ZHTNYTPCHBMY ЪBHUEOGSHCH, RTERSFUFCHPCHBCHYYE ЪBFSZYCHBOYA PFCHETUFY S, B ZHBOETOSCHE ЪBHUEOGECH OE UPЪDBCHBMY. oELPFPTPPE CHTENS YUFTEVYFEMY NPDYZHYILBGYY Bf 109F-2 UFTPYMYUSH RBTBMMEMSHOP U Bf 109F-1. pVB FYRB NBYOSCH RP-RTETSOENH PUOBEBMYUSH NPFPTBNY DB 601N, DMS LPFPTSCHI FTEVPCHBMUS 96-PLFBOPCCHCHK VEOJO NBTLY u. nBLUINBMSHOBS ULPTPUFSH Bf 109F-2 X ENMY DPUFYZBMB 502 LN/YU (RP DBOOSCHN BOZMYUBO - DBCE 517 LN/YU), B ABOUT TBUYUEFOPK CHCHUPFE 6000 N - PLPMP 600 LN/YU.

YYCHEUFOSH FTY UHVNPDIZHYLBGYY Bf 109F-2, RTYUEN DCH RETCHSHCHSHCHRKHUFYMY OEVPMSHYPK UETYEK, B FTEFSHS TBVPFB OPUYMB PRSHFOSHCHK IBTBLFET:

• YUFTEVYFEMSH-VPNVBTDYTPCHAIL F-2/B U RPJAYEMTSOSCHN VPNVPDETTSBFEMEN efu 250, RPЪChPMSCHYN RPDCHEYCHBFSH VPNVH LBMYVTB 250 LZ;
• YUFTEVYFEMSH CH FTPRYUUEULPN YURPMOOYY F-2/Trop U RTPFYCHPRSHMSHOSHCHN ZHYMSHFTPN Y CHPDHIPBVPTOILPN OBZOEFBFEMS, PFMYUBCHYYNUS HCHEMYUEOOSCHN UEYOOYEN;
• CHCHUPFOSHCHK YUFTEVYFEMSH F-2/Z U YUYUFENPK CHRTSHULB ЪBLYUY BPFB, CHYOFPN U KHYTEOOSHNY MPRBUFSNY, CHPDDHIPBVPTOILPN OZOEFBFEMS RP FYRH F-2/Trop Y NBUMPTBDYBF PTPN RPCHSHCHYEOOOPK RTPYYCHPDYFEMSHOPUFY Y KHCHEMYUEOOSCHI TBNETPCH.

rP-OBUFPSEENH OMBBDYFSH RTPYCHPDUFCHP "ZhTDTYIPCH" OENEGLBS BCHYBRTPNSCHYMEOOPUFSH UNPZMB MYYSH CH NBTFE-BRTEME 1941 Z., B TBOEE, OBUYOBS U DELBVTS 1940 Z., POB CHSHCHRHULBMB 100-120 PDOPNPFPTOSCHI YUFTEVYFEMEK CH NEUSG. u KHUEEFPN CHUEOOEZP "RTPYYCHPDUFCHOOOPZP VHNB" PVEEE YYUMP "NEUUETYNYFZPCH" NPDYZHYLBGYY F, YЪZPFPCHMEOOOSCHI DP 22 YAOS 1941 Z., NPTsOP PGEOIFSH RTYVMYJYFEMSHOP CH 1800-1850 EDYOYG. fY NBYOSHCH RP LPNRMELUKH MEFOP-FEIOYUUEULYI IBTBLFETYUFYL RTECHPUIPDIMY MAVPC YUFTEVYFEMSH UPAYOYLPCH RP BOFYZYFMETPCHULPK LPBMYGYY.

RETCHSHCHE "ZHTYDTYIY" RPRBMY CH THLY UPCHEFULYI Y BOZMYKULYI UREGYBMYUFPCH RPYUFY PDOPCHTEENOOOP, CH YAME 1941 Z. lBL HCE ZPCHPTYMPUSH, LPNBODYT I11/JG26 NBKPT t. BYUOP BFBLLPCHBM BOZMYKULYK VPNVBTDYTPCHAIL, EZP Bf 109F-2 RPMKHYUM RPRBDBOYE CH TBDIBFPT, Y ZETNBOULYK MEFUYL CHSCHOKHTSDEO VSHM RPUBDYFSH "UFP DECHSFSHCHK" ABOUT "TSICHPF" ABOUT VTYFBOULPK YENME, UMEZLB RPNSC CHYOF Y LBRPF NFPPTB. NETSDH RTPYUYN, CH CHYDE YULMAYUEOYS EEE ABOUT ЪБЧПDE-YЪЗПФПЧИФЭМ NБИОХ RP RTPUSHVE rYOZEMS CHPPTHTSYMY DEZHYGYFOPK RHYLPK MG 151/20.

fP VShchMB PVSHYUOBS RTBLFYLB - UREGYBMSHOP DMS RTYOBOOOSCHI BUPC RTEDRTYSFYS UMEZLB NPDYZHYYTPCHBMY YUFTEVYFEMY, RTYDBCHBS YN PUPVSCHE LBYUEUFCHB. y'CHEUFOP, OBRTYNET, YuFP DCHYZBFEMY DCHHI UBNPMEFPCH Bf 109F-2, RTYOBDMETSBCHYI b. zBMMBODH, TBVPFBMY ABOUT 100-PLFBOPPCHPN VEOYOYE Y, RP-CHYDYNPNH, CHSHDBCHBMY OEULPMSHLP VPMSHYKHA NPEOPUFSH, YUEN UETYKOSHCHE (CHPNPTSOP, LFP VSHCHMY DB 601e). lTPNE FPZP, PDOB YJ ZBMMBODPCHULYI NBYO CHNEUFP RBTSH MG 17 OEUMB LTHROPLBMYVETOSH (13-NN) RKHMENEFSH MG 131 (EE OBSCHBMY Bf 109F-2/U), B DTHZBS, RPNYNP PVSHYUOPZ P DMS Bf 109F-2 CHPPTHTSEOYS, UPITBOYMB CH LTSHME RKHYLY MG/ FF (RP FYRH Bf 109e-4).

RETCHBS RPRSCHFLB PGEOLY MEFOSCHI DBOOSCHI OENEGLYI YUFTEVYFEMEK CH OBYEK UFTBOE VSHMB RTEDRTYOSFB CHULPTE RPUME OBRBDEOYS ABOUT OEE ZETNBOY, CH LPOGE YAMS 1941 Z., LPZDB YJ VPEC ABOUT UBRB DOPN ZHTPOFE PFPJCHBMY 410-K VPNVBTDYTPCHPYuOSCHK BCHYBRPML, FPYUOEE, FP, YuFP PF OEZP PUFBMPUSH. rPML UZhPTNYTPCHBMY CH RETCHSHCHE DOY CHPKOSH ABOUT VBJE PFDEMB VPNVBTDYTPCHPYUOSHI UBNPMEFPCH ohy chchu forehead. u 5 RP 22 YAMS 410-K VBR CHSHRPMOYM 235 UBNPMEFP-CHSHCHMEFPCH, RPFETSCH 33 rE-2, CH FPN YUYUME 22 NBYOSCH PF PZOS CHTBTSEULYI YUFTEVYFEMEK. dPLMBDSCH MEFOPZP UPUFBCHB RPJCHPMYMY RTYKFY L OEHFEYFEMSHOPNH CHSHCHPDH: "NEUUETYNYFZSHCH" PVMBDBMY ЪBNEFOSCHN RTEINHEEUFCHPN CH ULPTPUFY OBD OPCHEKYYNY PFEYUEUFCHEOOSCHN Y VPNVBTDYTPCHAILBNY. fP PLBBBMPUSH OEPTSYDBOOPUFSH, CHEDSH NBLUINBMSHOBS ZPTYPOFBMSHOBS ULPTPUFSH Bf 109e, LPFPTHA PRTEDEMYMY CH IPDE YURSHCHFBOYK CH 1940 Z., MYYSH OEOBNOPZP RTECHPUIPDIMB ST PTPUFSH "REYLY" - TBIOYGB OE RTECHSHCHYBMB 15-20 LN/YU OB CHCHUPFBI 4000-5000 N. ZhBLFYUEULY CE, LBL PFNEYUBM LPNBODYT RPMLB RPMLPCHOIL b.y. lBVBOPCH CH UCHPEK DPLMBDOPK ЪBRYULE, "OENEGLYE YUFTEVYFEMY UCHPVPDOP DPZPOSMY RE-2 Y KHURECHBMY RTPY'CHEUFY FTY-RSFSH BFBL CHDPZPOLH". h LFPN Y DTHZYI DPLHNEOFBI KHLBYTCHBMPUSH, YUFP "YUFTEVYFEMY Bf 109, Bf 110 Y OE 113 MEFBAF VSCHUFTEE OBUYI VPNVBTDYTPCHEYLPCH, LBL KHUFBTECHYI, FBL Y CHRPMOE UP READING, OBRTYNET, sl-4 Y rE-2". UPCHEFULYE UREGYBMYUFSHCH CHRPMOYE URTBCHEDMYCHP RTEDRPMPTSYMY, YuFP OENGSH KHUFBOPCHYMY ABOUT "NEUUETYNYYFFSHCH" NPFPTSH RPCCHYEOOOPK NPEOPUFY, RPЪChPMYYE TEILLP KHCHEMYUYYFSH ULPTPU FS RPMEFB.

h OBYUBMSHOSHCHK RETYPD CHPKOSH YUFTEVYFEMY OE 113 KHRPNYOBMYUSH H PFUEFBI UPCHEFULYI BCHYBGYPOOSCHI YUBUFEK Y UPEDYOEOYK RPYUFY UFPMSH TSE YUBUFP, LBL Y Bf 109. rP UMPTSYCHYENKHUS X UPCHEFULPZP LPNBODPCHBOYS RTEDUFBCHMEOYA oE 113 SCHMSMUS NPDYZHYLBGYEK IPTPYP YJCHEUFOPZP, UBBLHRMEOOOPZP uPCHEFULYN UPAЪPN RETED CHPKOK UBNPMEFB oE 100 (SLPVSHCH UETYY ЪBNEOYMY RBTPCHPE PIMBTSDEOOYE ABOUT CHPDSOPE). BY UYUYFBMUS UBNSHCHN VSCHUFTPIPDOSCHN YUFTEVYFEMEN MAZHFCHBZHZHE. h DEKUFCHYFEMSHOPUFY OILBLLPZP oE 113 OENGSCH ABOUT UPCHEFULP-ZETNBOULPN ZHTPOFE OE YURPMSHJPCHBMY, RPD LFYN OBYNEOPCHBOYEN ULTSHCHBMUS Bf 109F. UMEDHEF PFNEFYFSH, YuFP CHOEYOE "ZHTYDTYI" DEKUFCHYFEMSHOP DPCHPMSHOP UIMSHOP PFMYYUBMUS PF "jNYMS", PUPVEOOP ZHTNPK OPUPChPK YUBUFY ZHAYEMSTSB Y ЪBLPOGPCHLBNY LTSHMB LMMYRF YUUEULPK ZhPTNSCH.

CHETPSFOP, RETCHSHCHK Bf 109F-2 (ЪБЧ. No. 12766) Х PFOPUIFEMSHOPK GEMPUFY VSHHM ЪBICHBUEO RPD mEOOZTBDPN, CH TBKPOE fPUOP, 20 YAMS 1941 Z. OBDP ULBJBFSH, YUFP YUFTEVYF EMY MAJFCHBJZHE RTEDRPYUIFBMY CH 1941-1942 ZZ. CHEUFY VPY Y, PUPVEOOOP, "UCHPVPDOHA PIPFKH" OBD FETTYFPTYEK RTPFPYCHOILB, CHEDSH NOPPZYE UPCHEFULYE LYRBTSY ЪDEUSH RTYFHRMSMY VDYFEMSHOPUFSH. ABOUT LFPF TB PFCHEFOSCHK PZPOSH VSHM FPYUEO, "NEUUETYNYFF" OE UNPZ RETEFSOKHFSH YUTE MYOYA ZHTPOFB Y UPCHETYM RPUBDLH CH FSHMKH UPCHEFULYI CHPKUL. eZP RYMPF MEKPHEOBOF z. tBHV YЪ ZTKHRRSCH I/JG54 RPZYV CH RETEUFTEMLE U LTBUOPBTNEKGBNY, B BICHBUEOOSCHK "NEUUET" YUETE OEULPMSHLP DOEK KHLTBUIM CHSHCHUFBCHLH FTPZHEEECH CH MEOYOZTBDE.

oBULPMSHLP YJCHEUFOP, "FTPZHEKOSCHE LYURPOBFSCH" YNEMYUSH CH 1941 Z. CH NPULCHE, LYECHE Y iBTSHLPCHE. lPOYUOP, DMS VPKGPCH Y LPNBODYTPCH, PUPVEOOOP YY chchu Y rchp, VSHMP RPMEЪOP DEFBMSHOP TBUUNPFTEFSH ZTPЪOPZP CHTBZB. OP VPMEE CHBTSOSCHN RTEDUFBCHMSMPUSH YHYUEOYE UBNPMEFB RTPFYCHOILB CH CHPDKHIIE, PGEOLB EZP UIMSHOSCHY UMBVSCHI UFPTPO, CHSTBVPFLB TELPNEODBGYK RP VPTSHVE U OIN. dP LPOGB 1941 Z. RTPCHEUFY FBLHA TBVPFKH OE KHDBMPUSH, IPFS PE CHFPTPK RPMPCHYOE OPSVTS 1941 Z. UECHETP-ЪBRBDOEEE nPULCHSHCH OBYNYY CHPKULBNY VSHHMY ЪBICHBUEOSH EEE DCHB NBMPRPC TETSDEOOSCHI "NEUUETYNYFFB" (Bf 109F-2 ЪБЧ. No. 12811 Y 12913) Y PDO YJ MEFUYLPCH JЪ PFTSDB 6/JG52. u NBYO UOSMY FBVMYULY, RPJCHPMYYE PRTEDEMYFSH, YuFP YUFTEVYFEMY VSHMY RPUFTPEOSCH UBCHPDPN AGO MEFPN 1941 Z. TEBMSHOBS CHPNPTSOPUFSH RTPCHEUFY YURSHCHFBOYS ZETNBOULPK OPCHYOLY VSHMB HRHEEOB. rPNEYBMY, RP-CHYDYNPNH, RMPIYE RPZPDOSHE HUMPCHYS Y CHBLHBGYS ohy chchu Ch uChETDMPCHUL. LTPNE FPZP, Oeneglye Ukhprhfoshcheche CHPLBB ODUPDYUSH RTBLFYUELY X CHPTPF NPULCHSH, YU Chuee RPMEPHCCH UBNPMEFCH BCOE UFTPZP Tezofnibodpchyush RFPCHI RFP. PYUEOSH YUBUFP PVUFTEMYCHBMYUSH Y UVYCHBMYUSH UPVUFCHEOOSCH UBNPMEFSCH, CHOYOYK CHYD LPPTTSCHI, LBBBMPUSH VSHCH, DPMTSEO VSHCHFSH IPTPYP Y'CHEUFEO Y MEFUYILBN, Y YEOYFUYLB N. ъBFP OEFTHDOP RTEDUFBCHYFSH UEVE YI TEBLGYA RTY RPSCHMEOYY CH OEVE "NEUUETYNYFFB", RHUFSH DBCE U LTBUOSCHNY ЪCHEDBNY!

KHUREYOPE UNNOEE LPOFTOBUFHRMEOYE UPCHEFULYI CHPKUL OBYUYFEMSHOP KHCHEMYYUMP YUYUMP FTPZHEEECH. fPMSHLP RPD nPULCHPK CH RETYPD U 5 RP 31 DELBVTS 1941 Z. HDBMPUSH ЪBICHBFYFSH 34 CHTBTSEULYI UBNPMEFB, VPMSHYOUFChP YЪ LPFPTSCHI VSHMY MYVP OEYURTBCHOSCHNY, MYVP RPDPTCHBOO SCHNY RTPFPYCHOILPN RTY PFIPDE. h THLY UPCHEFULYI BCHYBGYPOOSCHI UREGYBMYUFPCH RPRBMY Y OEULPMSHLP Bf 109F. CHRPUMEDUFCHYYI RETEDBMY DMS YJHYUEOYS CH gbzy, BCHYBGYPOOSCH lv Y ABOUT TENPOFOSH VBSHCH. OBYUYFEMSHOSCHK CHLMBD CH UVPT Y YHYUEOYE FTPZHEKOPZP YNHEEUFCHB RTPFYCHOILB CHOUMY YOTSEOETSH chchb YN. O. e. tsKHLPCHULPZP, LPFPTSHCHSHCHRPMOSMY UREGIBMSHOP ЪBDBOYE YFBVB chchu lTBUOPK bTNYY ABOUT lBMYOYOULPN ZHTPOFE.

oOBYVPMSHYYK YOFETEU RP-RTETSOENH RTEDUFBCHMSMY OENEGLYE YUFTEVYFEMY. o BYUBMSHOIL YUFTEVYFEMSHOPZP PFDEMB oyy chchu CHPEOYOTSEOET 1 TBOZB b.o. zhTPMPCH CHOYNBFEMSHOP RTPBOBMYYTPCHBM CHUA YNECHYHAUS YOZHPTNBGYA RP Bf 109F, UTBCHOYCH "NEUUET" AT OPCHSHCHNY FYRBNY UPCHEFULYI YUFTEVYFEMEK. h RPDRYUBOOPN 14 ZHECHTBMS 1942 Z. PFYUEFE PFNEYUBMPUSH, YuFP DMS VPS U Bf 109F MHYUYE DTHZYI OBUYI YUFTEVYFEMEK RPDIPDYM SL-1, IPFS Y PO KHUFKHRBM "ZhTDTYIKH" CH ULPTPUFY Y UL PTPRPDYENOPUFY ABOUT NBMSCHI CHCHUPFBI.

fTHDOEE VSHMP CHEUFY VPTSHVH U "NEUUETYNYFFFPN" UPCHEFULPNH YUFTEVYFEMA mbzz-3, RPULPMSHLH PO UIMSHOP PFUFBCHBM RP PUOPCHOSCHN MEFOSHCHN DBOOSHCHN, ЪB YULMAYUEOYEN NPEOPUFY UFTEMLPChP-RKHYYUOPZP CHPPTHTSEOYS. l FPNH CE mbzz-3 PFMYYUBMUS "FSTSEMSHCHN" KHRTBCHMEOYEN, PUPVEOOOP RTY RETEIPDE YJ PDOPK ZHYZHTSCH CH DTHZHA. YuFP LBUBEFUS NYZ-3, FP LFPF YUFTEVYFEMSH PVMBDBM IPTPYNYY IBTBLFETYUFYLBNY ABOUT CHCHUPFBI 5000 NY VPMEE, ZHE VPY RTPYUIPDYMY PFOPUYFEMSHOP TEDLP, B CHVMYYY ENMY ON RTPYZTSCHBM CH NBOECHTEOOPUFY VPMEE MEZLINE Bf 109F. Vydpuffbflpn Niz-3 Plbbmpush Cheushnb UMBVPA ChPPTHCEEE, UPUFPPZP LTPPZP LTHROPLEVETOPZP RHMENEFB VHI RHMENEFPCH BUOFPCUOPZP LBMIVPZP LBMIVPZP.

b.o. zhTPMPCH LPOUFBFYTPCHBM: "rTPFYCHOIL YNEEF RTEINHEEUFCHP RP PUOPCHOSCHN MEFOP-FBLFYUEULYN DBOOSCHN RETED CHUENY FYRBNY OBUYI OPCHSHY YUFTEVYFEMEK DP CHCHUPFSHCH 2000 N... CHMEFOP -RPUBDPYUOSHE UCHPKUFCHB OBYI NBYO OEKHDPCHMEFCHPTYFEMSHOSH (POY PUPVEOOOP RMPIYE X mBzz-3). TBCHPTPFB CHRTBChP HUMPTSOSEF RTPYCHPDUFCHP CHJMEFB CH UFTPA Y FTEVHEF PUPVPZP CHAINBOYS RTY CHSHCHMEFE U PZTBOYUEOOSHI RPMEMESHI RMPEBDPL. ABOUT RTPVEZB FBLCE FTEVHAF YULMAYUYFEMSHOPZP CHAINBOYS Y DPUFBFPYuOPZP PRSHCHFB RTY FPYUOPN TBUYUEFE ЪБИДБ ABOUT RPUBDHLH..."

dMS VPMEE DEFBMSHOPK Y FEBFEMSHOPK PGEOLY Bf 109F THLPCHPDUFCHP ohy chchu forehead UYUYFBMP OEPVIPDYNSCHN RTPCHEUFY EZP YURSHCHFBOYS. th ChPF, OBLPOEG, RTEDUFBCHYMBUSH FBLBS CHPNPTSOPUFSH. 22 ZHECHTBMS 1942 Z. LPNBODYT 8/JG51 PVET-MEKFEOBOF b. oyU UVYMUS U LKHTUB Y X RPUEMLB fHYYOP VSHM PVUFTEMSO YЪ RKHMENEFB. rPCHTETSDEOYE TBDYBFPTB Y RTPVPYOB CH VEOЪPVBLE CHSCHOKHDIMY ZETNBOULPZP PZHYGETB UPCHETYYFSH CHSCHOKHTSDEOOKHA RPUBDLKH CH TBURPMPTSEOYY UPCHEFULYI CHPKUL. ъBICHBUEOOSCHK LTBUOPBTNEKGBNY "NEUUET" VSHUFTP CHPUUFBOPCHYMY UYMBNY FEIUP-UFBCHB 47-K BCHYBDYCHYYY, OP RETCHSHCHK CE CHSHCHMEF ABOUT FTPZHEKOPN YUFTEVYFEME ЪBLPOYUMUS B CHBTYEK - OEOBLPNSCHK U PUPVEOOPUFSNY RPCHEDEOYS UBNPMEFB RYMPF OE UNPZ KhDETSBFSH EZP RTY TBVEZE, CH TEKHMSHFBFE VSHMY RPCHTETSDEOSCH UFPKLB YBUUY Y BLPOGPCHLB LTSHMB. rTYYMPUSH CHSHRPMOYFSH EEE PDYO TENPOF (OB LFPF TB EZP RTPCHEMB VTYZBDB gbzy), RPUME YuEZP Bf 109F-2 (ЪБЧ. No. 9209) RETEDBMY Ch oyy chchu forehead. nBYYOKH RTYOSM YOTSEOET-LBRYFBO b.u. TPBOPCH, LPFPTSCHK UYYFBMUS CH YOUFYFHFE PDOYN YUREGYBMYUFPCH RP OENEGLYN YUFTEVYFEMSN.

at RETCHSHCHI CE DOEK ON UFPMLOHMUS at UETSHEOSCHNY RTPVMENBNY. CHSHCHSUOYMPUSH, CH YUBUFOPUFY, YUFP NBYOB HCE OE NEOEE YUEFSHTEI TB UETSHEOP TENPOFYTPCHBMBUSH Y SCHMSMBUSH CHEUSHNB Y'OPYOOOPK. oEKHUFPKYYCHBS CHUEOOOSS RPZPDB Y YUBUFSHCHE ЪBRTEFSCH rchp ABOUT RPMEFSH FBLCE FPTNPYMY IPD TBVPFSH. 5 BRTEMS 1942 Z. tPЪBOPCH RYUBM UCHPENKH OERPUTEDUFCHEOOPNKH OBYUBMSHOILKH b.o. ZhTPMPCHH: "rTY RPUFTPEOOY CHSHUPFOPK IBTBLFETYUFYLY CHP'OILMB "RBOBNB". LP RBDBEF. LPOYUOP, THZBEF ЪB ЪБФСЦЛХ YURSHCHFBOYK.

h UETEDYOE BRTEMS 1942 Z. UPUFBCHMEOYE PFUEFB RP YURSHCHFBOYSN Bf 109F EBCHETYMY. CHCHPDSCH tPBOPCHB NBMP PFMYUBMYUSH PF FEEI, UFP UDEMBM b.o. zhTPMPCH DP RTPCHEDEOYS YURSHCHFBOYK, PDOBLP YNEMYUSH Y LPE-LBLYE PFMYYUYS. h YUBUFOPUFY, VSHMP DPUFPCHETOP KHUFBOPCHMEOP, YuFP Bf 109F MEFBM X ENMY O 70 LN/YU VSHUFTEE, YUEN Bf 109e, RTYUEN RTYNETOP RPMPCHYOB RTYTPUFB ULPTPUFY VSHMB RPMHYUEOB VMBZPDB TS VPMEE NPEOPNH DCHYZBFEMA DB 601N, B DTHZBS - VMBZPDBTS MKHYUYEK BTPJOBNYLE. fBL, KHMHYUYEOOYE FPOOEMEK Y ZHTTNSH TSIDLPUFOSHI TBDYBFPTPCH DPVBCHMSMP 12-14 LN/YU, KhVPTLB ICHPUFPCHPZP LPMEUUB Y MILCHYDBGYS RPDLPUPC PRETEOYS - 7-8 LN/YU, PFLB PF ЪB CHYUBAEYI BMETPOPCH Y EEMESCHI UBLTSHMLPC (RTY LFPN MYILCHYDYTPCHBMYUSH EEMY, UPJDBCHBCHYE DPRPMOYFEMSHOPE URPTPPHYCHMEOYE) - EEE 6-7 LN/S.

chBTsOPE NEUFP CH PFUEFE ЪBOSMБ LURMHBFBGYPOOBS PGEOLB YUFTEVYFEMS. UPCHEFULYE UREGYBMYUFSH PFNEFYMY IPTPYE RPDIPDSH L BZTEZBFBN NPFPTB, PUPVEOOOP UCHEYUBN, KHDPVOP CHSHRPMOOOPE LBRPFYTPCHBOYE DCHYZBFEMS, OBYUYFEMSHOPE PVMESUEOOYE TBVPFSCH R YMPFB VMBZPDBTS CHOEDTEOYA TBMYUOSHI BCHFPNBFPCH, CH FPN YUYUME TEZKHMYTHAEYI FENRETBFKHTH CHPDSH Y NBUMB CH NPFPTE.

h IPDE YURSHCHFBOYK UREGYBMYUFSH YOUFYFHFB RTPCHEMY KHYUEVOSHCHK CHPDDHYOSCHK VPK Bf 109F U sL-1 (ЪБЧ. No. 0511) Y CHSTBVPFBMY TELPNEODBGYY DMS MEFOPZP UPUFBCHB UFTPECHSHI YUBUFEK chchu lTBUOPK bTNYY. rTY LFPN SING "ЪBLTSCHMY ZMBЪB" ABOUT OEYURTBCHOPUFSH FKHTVPNHZhFSH FTPZHEKOPK NBYOSCH. h TEЪKHMSHFBFE RPMKHYUMPUSH, YUFP YBOUSCH UPCHEFULPZP YUFTEVYFEMS ABOUT RPVEDH UFBOPCHYMYUSH FEN VPMSHYE, YUEN CHCHCHYE RPDOUNBMYUSH UBNPMEFSHCH. eUMY CHVMYY YENMY RPMOPE RTECHPUIPDUFCHP "NEUUETB" OE CHSHCHCHBMP UPNOEOYK, Y PFEYUEUFCHEOOSCHN MEFUYILBN TELPNEODPCHBMYUSH MPVPCHCHE BFBLY, FP U CHSHUPFSHCH 3000 N YBOUSCH HTB CHOYCHBMYUSH, B OB 5000 N "sLPCHMECH", VKhDFP VShch, RPMKHYUBM RPMOPE RTEINHEEUFCHP CH ULPTPUFY Y NBOECHTEOOPUFY. YOSCHNY UMPCHBNY, MEFUYILBN RTEDRYUSCHCHBMPUSH ЪBFSZYCHBFSH OENEGLYE YUFTEVYFEMY ABOUT CHCHUPFKH.

khChShch, LFY TELPNEODBGYY OE PFTBTSBMY YUFYOOOPZP RPMPTSEOYS DEM. yЪ ZETNBOULYI NBFETYBMPCH Y TE'KHMSHFBFPCH YURSHCHFBOYK CH CHEMYLPVTYFBOY UMEDPCHBMP, YuFP Bf 109F U NPFPTPN DB 601N TBCHYCHBM ABOUT CHCHUPFE 6000 N NBLUINBMSHOHA ULP TPUFSH 597-600 LN/YU, B CHCHUE OE 552 LN/YU, LBL LFP KHLBBOP CH PFUEFE Ch oyy chchu. uMEDPCHBFEMSHOP, "NEUUET" RTECHPUIPDYM ABOUT CHCHUPFBI DP 5000 N CHUE PFEYUEUFCHEOOSHE YUFTEVYFEMY, CHLMAYUBS UETYKOSH NYZ-3 (OB 20-30 LN/Yu). DMS "SLB" TSE TELPNEODBGYS P RTEDRPYUFYFEMSHOPUFY ЪBFSZYCHBOYS RTPFYCHOILB ABOUT CHCHUPFSH VPMEE 5000 N DYBNEFTBMSHOP RTPFYCHPTEYYUMB DEKUFCHYFEMSHOPUFY. nBFETYBMSH TBVPFSHY RPDTPVOPE FEIOYUUEULPE PRYUBOIE Bf 109F TBNOPTSYMYY DPCHEMY DP UCHEDEOYS LPNBODYTPCH YYFBVPCH.

h UETEDYOE MEFB 1941 Z. "dBKNMET-VEOG" ЪBSCHYMB P FPN, UFP EK KhDBMPUSH TEYYFSH OBYVPMEE UETSHESHE RTPVMENSHCH, UCHSBOOSCH U CHOEDTEOYEN CH UETYA DCHYZBFEMS DB 601e. rBTBMMEMSHOP RPDZPFPCHYMY L UETYKOPNH CHSHCHRHULH OPCHSHCHK CHYOF VDM 9-12010b. UMEDHAEEK CHETUYEK "ZhTDTYIB" RP RMBOBN ZHYTNSCH "NEUUUETYNYFF" DPMTSEO VSHM UFBFSH CHBTYBOF YUFTEVYFEMS UP ULPNRTPNEFYTPCHBCHYEK EUVS NPFPT-RHYLPK MG/FF-M. NETSDH FEN, "nBHJET" RTPYOZHPTNYTPCHBMB ZMBCHOPZP LPOUFTHLFPTB P FPN, YuFP POB RTYUFKHRYMB L UETYKOPNH YZPFPCHMEOYA 20-NN CHBTYBOFB RKHYLY MG 151 (EE ULPTPUFTE MSHOPUFSH RP UTTBCHOEYA U 15-NN NPDIZHYLBGYEK UFBMB NEOSHYE, OP PUFBMBUSH ABOUT OERMPIPN KHTPCHOE - 750 CHSCHUFT./NYO RTY OBYUBMSHOPK ULPTPUF Y UOBTSDB 790 N/U). h TEЪKHMSHFBFE, VSHMP TEYEOP CHPPTHTSBFSH "zhTDTYIY" RKHYLBNY MG 151, RTYUEN ABOUT NPDYZHYLBGYA F-3 UFBCHYMY RHYLKH U LBMYVTPN UFChPMB 15 NN, B OB F-4 - 20-NN UFChPM. CHULPTE UFBMP SUOP, YuFP RPUMEDOYK CHBTYBOF ZPTBJDP VPMEE RPRKHMSTEO KH MEFOPZP UPUFBCHB - EZP Y UFTPYMY CH VPMSHIYI LPMYUEUFCHBI, OBUYOBS U NBS 1941 Z. ABOUT ЪБЧПДЭ ЧЧІОПКы FBDFE, Y U YAOS - ABOUT "UTM".

nBLUINBMSHOBS ULPTPUFSH NBYOSCH ABOUT CHUEI CHCHUPFBI VMBZPDBTS VPMEE NPEOPNH DCHYZBFEMA CHPTPUMB ABOUT 10-25 LN/YU (PFOPUYFEMSHOP Bf 109F-2), KHMHYUYYMBUSH Y ULPTPRPDYENOPUFSH. lPOUFTHHLFPTSCH HMHYUYYMY RTPFELFYTPCHBOYE VEOЪPVBLB, B ЪBEIFH RYMPFB KHUYMYMY, KHUFBOPCHYCH OBLMPOOSHK VTPOEBZPMPCHOIL. oELPFPTSCHE NBYOSCH PUOBEBMYUSH DPRPMOYFEMSHOPK NOPZPUMPKOPK RETEZPTPDLPK, UPUFPSCHIYEK YI RBYULY DATBMEMESHI MYUFPCH, NPOFYTPCHBCHYEKUS RPBDY VEOPVBLB. fY MYUFSH MEZLP RTPVYCHBMYUSH RKHMEK CHYOFPCHPYuOPZP LBMYVTB, PDOBLP ABOUT OYI RHMS PUFBCHMSMB ЪBTSYZBFEMSHOSHCHK UPUFBCH Y, LTPNE FPZP, FETSMMB KHUFPKYYCHPUFSH, RPDIPDS L PUOP CHOPK VTPOE HCE OE OPUILPN, B VPLPN. ABOUT ZHPOBTE LBVYOSCH KHUFBOPCHYMY MPVPCHPE VTPOEUFELMP (FBLPE CE 60-NN UFELMP RPMKHYUMY Y DPTBVPFBOOSCH Bf 109F-2, OP POP NPOFYTPCHBMPUSH UOBTHTSY LBL VSC CH DPRPMOEOE L OPTNB MSHOPNKH OEVTPOYTPCHBOOPNKH LPSCHTSHLH). ABOUT YUBUFY NBYO VTPOEUFELMP KHUFBOPCHYMY Y RPЪBDY RYMPFB CH VTPOEURYOLE DMS KHMHYUYEOYS PVPTB OBBD.

KHYYMYCHBAEYE BMENEOFSH UFBMY NPOFYTPCHBFSHUS CHOKHFTY ICHPUFPCHPK YUBUFY ZHAYEMSTSB Y RETEUFBMY VSCHFSH ЪBNEFOSCHNY. pVSHYUOP "ZhTDTYIY" PVPTHDPCHBMYUSH TBDYPUFBOGYEK FuG 7B Y RTYGEMPN TECHY C/I2D. h LBVYOE RPSCHYMUS RETELMAYUBFEMSH, RPЪCHPMSCHIYK CHEUFY PZPOSH FPMSHLP YЪ RKHYLY, FPMSHLP YЪ RKHMENEFPCH, YMY YЪ RKHYLY Y RKHMENEFPCH PDOPCHTENEOOOP. chЪMEFOSHK CHEU YUFTEVYFEMS part NEUUETYNYYFFB VSCHUFTP TPU: EUMY Bf 109F-1 CHEUYM 2615 LZ, Bf 109F-2 - 2800 LZ, FP Bf 109F-3 - HCE 2915 LZ. oEUNPFTS ABOUT PUPBOYE RBZHVOPUFY FBLPK RTBLFYLYY, FEODEOGYS UPITBOYMBUSH Y OB Bf 109F-4, CHUMEFOBS NBUUB LPFPTPZP CH ЪBCHYUYNPUFY PF UHVNPDIZHYLBGY UPUFBCHMSMB 29 30-3015 LZ.

chPPTHTTSEOYE Bf 109F-4 CHSHCHCHBMP UBNSHCH RTPFPYCHPTEYUCHSCHES PFYSHCHSHCHH OBYVPMEE PRSCHFOSCHI RYMPFPCH-YUFTEVYFEMEK ZETNBOYY. fBL, EUMY ch. NEMCHDETU VSHM RPMOPUFSHHA KHDPCHMEFCHPTEO MEZLINE CHPPTHTSEOYEN YЪ 20-NN RHYLY Y DCHHI RKHMENEFPC, FP b. zBMMBOD UYYFBM UPLTBEEOOYE UPUFBCHB CHPPTHTSEOYS UBNPMEFB YBZPN OBBD. h TEJHMSHFBFE DYULHUUYK RP RPCHPDH UPUFBCHB CHPPTHTSEOYS ZHYTNB "NEUUETYNYFZ" TTBTBVPFBMB DMS YUFTEVYFEMS Bf 109F-4 FBL OBSCHCHBENSCHK RPMECHPK DPTBVPFPYUOSCHK LPN RMELF, LPFPTSCHK RTEDUFBCHMSM UPVPK RBTH RKHYEL MG-151/20 CH RPDLTSHMSHECHSHCHI ZPODPMBI U VPEBBRBUPN YЪ 120 UOBTSDPCH ABOUT UFCHPM. YUFTEVYFEMSH, PUOBEEOOOSCHK DPRPMOYFEMSHOSCHNY RKHYLBNY, RPMKHYUM PVPOBYOOYE Bf 109F-4/R1.

iPFS DPRPMOYFEMSHOPE CHPPTHTSEOYE RPCSHCHUYMP PZOECHHA NPESH UBNPMEFB Y EZP VPECHSHCHE CHNPTSOPUFY CH BTYBOFE YFKHTNPCHYLB YMY RETEICHBFUYLB, OP PFTYGBFEMSHOP RPCHMYSMP ABOUT KHUFPKYU YCHPUFSH Y HRTBCHMSENPUFSH NBYOSCH YЪ-ЪB KHCHEMYUEOYS MPVPCHPZP UPRTPPHYCHMEOYS Y NBUUSCH. UBNPMEF RTYPVTEM FEODEOGYA L TBULBUYCHBOYA, UOYYMYUSH EZP CHPNPTsOPUFY CHEDEOYS CHPDKHYOPZP VPS RTPFYCH YUFTEVYFEMEK RTPFYCHOILB.

22 BRTEMS 1942 Z. ABOUT ATSOPN ZHTPOFE UECHETOEE UMBCSOULB UPCHEFULYN MEFUYILBN KHDBMPUSH RPDVIFSH YUFTEVYFEMSH Bf 109F-4/R1 (ЪБЧ. No. 13043), RTYOBDMETSBCHYIK ZTHRRE I/JG7 7, LPFPTSCHK UPCHETYYM RPUBDLH CH TBURMPMPTSEOYY OBYI CHPKUL. fTPZHEK VSHM DEFBMSHOP YHYUEO VTYZBDPC, CHPZMBCHMSENPK CHPEOYOTSEOOETPN I TBOZB uFERBOPCHSHN. PUPPVPE CHONBOYE YOTSEOETSH KHDEMYMY DBMSHOEKYN YYNEOOYSN CH LPOUFTHLGYY NBIYOSCH Y PRTEDEMEOYA KHSCHYNSCHI NEUF. OE PUFBMYUSH VEY CHONBOYS GEKUPCHULYK PRFYUEULYK RTYGEM, PFLB PF YURPMSH'PCHBOYS BCFPNBFB, PZTBOYUYCHBAEEZP CHTENS TBVPFSH NPFPTB ABOUT ZhPTUITPCHBOOPN TETSYNE, OPC PE LYUMPTPDOPE PVPTHDPHBOYE. h TEЪKHMSHFBFE CHOINBFEMSHOPZP YJHYUEOYS Bf 109F UPCHEFULYE UREGYBMYUFSH TEYMYMY, YUFP OBYVPMEE HSSCHYNSCHN NEUFPN CHIOFPNPFPTOPK ZTHRRSH SCHMMSMYUSH ZPMPCHLY VMPLPCH NPFPT B. dPUFBFPYuOP VSHMP RPRBUFSH CH KHLBBOOKHA ЪPOKH PDOYN UOBTSDPN YMY ЪBTSYZBFEMSHOPK RKHMEK, LBL CHPЪOILBM RPTsBT. lBL YJCHEUFOP, KH "NEUUETB" OE ЪBEYEBMYUSH VTPOEK CHPDP-Y NBUMPTBDYBFPTSCH, RTEDUFBCHMSCHYE MEZLP RPTBTSBENKHA GEMSH YЪ-ЪB VPMSHYPK RMPEBDY RPCHETIOPUFY, B FBLCE DCHB T BUYTYFEMSHOSCHI VBULB UYUFENSCH PIMBTSDEOOIS.

rTBLFYUEULY PDOPCHTENEOOOP CH VATP OPChPK FEIOIL RTY gbzy RTPYCHPDYMPUSH FEBFEMSHOPE YHYUEOYE FTPZHEKOPZP Bf 109F-4/Z (U UYUFENPK ZHPTUITPCHBOYS GM-1, CH ZETNBOY YHFOY LY TBUYYZHTPCHCHBMY FBLPE UPLTBEEOYE LBL "ZETYOZPCHULBS NYLUFKHTB"), CHSHCHRHYEOOOPZP CH OBYUBME 1942 Z. choeyoe LFPF "NEUUUETYNYFZ" NBMP PFMYUBMUS PF DTHZYI YUFTEVYFEMEK UENEKUFCHB. Obiygybmeufsh Pvtbfimy Choynboye about Yeneoyois h Zidtpuufen, Wyen RPDBEY LBTVATHBFPTH Pimbazdbaezp Chpdhidhiokh Lpoushipbbvptttaulb IUR PMSHPCHBEY BPEM NPEOPZP ZEOOTBFPTB, PDOLP Uyufenb GM-1, RP-Chidenpnh, about UBNPMEF PFFUHFUFFCHBBMB (RTY of its vm andyyi h Kubvyoopn Pfule NPOFYTPCHBMUS CHOKHYYFEMSHOSHI TBNETPCH VBL DMS ЪBLYUY BUPFB, LPFPTSCHK OECHPNPTSOP OE ЪBNEFYFSH). chRTPYUEN, LFP OE VSHMP YuEN-FP OEPVSHYUOSCHN DMS mAZhFChBZHZHE: LBL RPMECHPK, FBL Y ЪBCHPDULPK DPTBVPFPYuOSCHK LPNRMELF OETEDLP U NBYOSCH UOINBMUS, EUMY PVMBUFSH VPECHPZP YURPM SHIPCHBOYS UBNPMEFB RP FEN YMY YOSCHN RTYUYOBN NEOSMBUSH. OB Bf 109F-4/Z OENGSHCH, LTPNE FPZP, RTEDKHUNPFTEMY YURPMSHЪPCHBOIE RSCHMEZHYMSHFTPCH ABOUT CHPDHIPBVPTOYLE OBZOEFBFEMS, YuFP PVYASUOSMPUSH RPDZPFPCHLPK L MEFOEK LBNRBOY CH UFERO Cabbage soup TBKPOBI. ABOUT RTYVPTOPK DPULE NPDEMY F-4/Z YNEMUS KHLBBFEMSH OBDDKHCHB U CHSHCHDEMEOOSCHNY GCHEFPN PUOPCHOSCHNY TETSYNBNY TBVPFSH NPFPTB. nBLUINBMSHOHA ULPTPUFSH Bf 109F-4/Z PREDEDEMYMY TBCHOPK 612 LN/YU ABOUT CHCHUPFE 6400 N, YuFP RTYNETOP UPPFCHEFUFCHBMP BOZMYKULIN DBOOSCHN (30 NBTFB 1942 Z. YUFTEVYFEMSH Bf 109F-4/Z PVET-MEKFEOBOFB part dYUUEMSH-IPTUFB YЪ 5/JG1 VShchM UVYF CH TBKPOE oPTDCHILB).

29 NBS 1942 Z. HOFET-PZHYGET. ZHPMSHLNBO YI ZTKHRRSCH III/JG3 CHNEUFE UP UCHPYN CHEDPNSHCHN, EZHTEKFPTPN b. lHOPN, RPFETSMY PTYEOFYTPCHLH Y RPUBDYMY ABOUT RBYOA CH TBKPOE YUKHZHECHB DCHB CHRPMOYE YURTBCHOSHI Bf 109F-4. pDYO YЪ OYI, U ЪБЧ. No.. 7640 Y TSEMFSHCHN VPTFPCHSHCHN OPNETPN "12" ABOUT ZHAYEMSTSE, PFUOSMY CH TBOSCHI TBLKHTUBI Y RPDZPFPCHYMY L RTPCHEDEOYA YURSHCHFBOYK C ohy chchu. pDOBLP CHSHCHSUOYMPUSH, YuFP OBIPDIYCHYKUS H uyb FTPZHEKOSHCHK "ZhTDTYI" TBYMUS, Y UPA'OILY RPRTPUYMY KHUFKHRYFSH YN BOBMPZYUOKHA NBYOKH. lPNBODHAYK chchu forehead ZEOETBM b.b. OPCYLPCH UBOLGYPOYTPCHBM PFRTBCHLH OPCHPZP "NEUUETYNYFZB" ЪB PLEBO. yЪ ЪББРБДОШИ YUFPYUOYLPCH YYCHUFOP, YuFP Bf 109F-4 (ЪБЧ. No. 7640) RPD FBLFYUEULYN PVPOBYOOYEN ech-1, B ЪBFEN - ech-100 HUREYOP RTPYEM RPMOSHCHK LPNRMELU ME FOSHI YURSHCHFBOIK.

OB Bf 109F-4 YURSHCHFSHCHBMYUSH EEE OUEULPMSHLP UYAENOSCHI OBVPTPCH CHPPTHTSEOYS, OP CH UETEDYOE 1942 Z. ABOUT UNEOKH "ZHTYDTYIBN" HCE YMB UETYS G, RPFPNKH MYYSH OELPFPTSHCHE YЪ OYI RPUFHRYMY ABOUT CHPPTHTSEOYE. fBL, ABOUT OEULPMSHLYI UBNPMEFBI YURPMSHЪPCHBMUS RPJAYEMSTSOSHCHK DETSBFEMSH, RPЪChPMSCHIYK RPDCHEYYCHBFSH 250-LZ VPNVH, 300-MYFTPPCHSHCHK VBL YMY (YUETE RETEIPDOIL ER-4) YUEFSHTE 50-LZ VPNVSH. fY YUFTEVYFEMY RPMKHYUMY PVPOBYUEOYE Bf 109F-4/R6. yЪCHEUFEO FBLTSE TBCHEDSHCHBFEMSHOSHCHK CHBTYBOF NBYOSCH RPD PVPOBYEOYEN Bf 109F-4/R8 U ZhPFPBRRBTBFBNY Rb70/30 YMY Rb50/30 CH ICHPUFPChPK YUBUFY ZHAYEMSTSB; NBYOSCH LFPPZP FYRB RETEDBCHBMYUSH CH YUBUFY VMYTSOYI TBCHEDYUYLPCH. rPUFY CHUE CHBTYBOFSH "ZHTDTYIB" RTEDHUNBFTYCHBMY CHPNPTSOPUFSH RPUFTPKLY UREGYBMSHOSHI "FTPRYUEUULYI" UHVNPDYZHYLBGYK, PDOBL OBYVPMEE NBUUPCHSHCHN UFBM Bf 109F-4/ trop. DMS LFPC NBYOSCH IBTBLFETOP OBMYUYE:

• RTPFYCHPRSHMSHOPZP ZHYMSHFTTB ABOUT CHP'DHIP'BVPTOYLE OZOEFBFEMS NFPPTB;
• "RKHUFSCHOOZP" BCHBTYKOPZP LPNRMELFB U ЪBRBUPN CHPDSH, RYEY Y BCHFPNBFPN DMS UBNPPVPTPPOSH RYMPFB;
• UREGYBMSHOSHI KHRMPFOEOYK CH ZYDTPUYUFEN Y YUEIMPCH ABOUT YFPLBY DUFBOGYPOOP KHRTBCHMSENSHI KHUFTPKUFCH;
• HЪMB LTERMEOYS DMS ЪPOFILB, RTYLTSCHCHBAEEZP LBVYOKH RYMPFB ABOUT JOINING PF RETEZTECHB.

OE UMEDHEF DKHNBFSH, YuFP "FTPRYUEUULYE" YUFTEVYFEMY RTYNEOSMYUSH FPMSHLP CH BZHTYLE. ъOBYUYFEMSHOBS YUBUFSH FBLYI NBYO PFRTBCHYMBUSH ABOUT CHPUFPYUOSCHK ZHTPOF DMS DEKUFCHYK ABOUT LTBKOEN ACCOUNTING, WHERE JYMSHFTSCH YULMAYUBMY RPRBDBOYE UOEZB CH OBZOEFBFEMSH, Y ABOUT UFEROPN AZE, HERE OETEDL YNY VSHCHMY UYMSHOSHCHE CHEFTSCH, RPDOINBCHYYE CH CHPDKHI NEMLHA, OP PRBUOKHA DMS NPFPTPCH RSHHMSH.

p RPUMEDOYI DCHHI NPDYZHYLBGYSI CH UENEKUFCHE "ZHTYDTYIPCH" YJCHEUFOP OENOPZP, RPULPMSHLH VSHMP CHSHCHRHYEOP CHUEZP OEULPMSHLP DEUSFLPCH NBYO. rP PDOYN DBOOSCHN PVE SING UFTPYMYUSH CH BTYBOFE FBLFYUEULYI TBCHEDYUYLPCH. fBL, UBNPMEF Bf 109F-5 U DENPOFYTPCHBOOPC NPFPTOPK RHYLPK Y U ZhPFPLBNETPK Rb 70/30 CH ICHPUFPCHPK YUBUFY ZHAYEMSTSB (ЪБЧ. No. 8754) VShchM RPFETSO 30 NBS 1942 Z. TBCHEDSH CHBFEMSHOSHCHN PFTSDPN 1(F)/122. pDOBLP CHFPTBS NBYOB, FBLCE PFOPUYCHYBSUS L FYRH Bf 109F-5 Y RPRBCHYBS CH THLY UPAJOILPC RPUME CHSCHOKHTSDEOOOPK RPUBDLY CH UEOFSVTE 1943 Z., PLBBBMBUSH CHCHUPFOSCCHN YUFTE VYFEMAN U UYUFENPK GM-1. ee RYMPF HOFET-PZHYGET f. NEKUEO ABOUT DPRTPUE UPPVEIM, YuFP RTPIPPDYM UMHTSVKH CH NBMPY'CHEUFOPK ZTHRRE JGr50, TBCHETOHFPK PDOPCHTENEOOOP U JGr25 UREGYBMSHOP DMS VPTSHVSH U UBNPMEFBNY ​​"nPULYFP".

h BCHFPTYFEFOPN URTBCHPYUOYLE zTYOB KHLBSCCHBEFUS, YuFP Bf 109F-6 SCHMSMUS OECHPPTHTSEOOSCHN TBCHEDYUYLPN, OP UP UREGYBMSHOSCHN PFUELPN, RPJChPMSCHIYN KHUFBOBCHMYCHBFSH CH O EN ZhPFPLBNETSH Rb 20/30, 50/30 YMY 75/30. pDOBLP RP DTHZYN DBOOSCHN Bf 109F-6 RTEDUFBCHMSM UPVPK UCHPEPVTBOOKHA KHUFHRLH FEN MEFUYILBN mAZHFCHBZHZHE, LPFPTSCHE UYFBMY OEPVIPDYNSCHN KHCHEMYUYFSH PZOECHHA NPESH NBYOSCH Y RTY LFPN UPITBOIFSH OEVPMSHYKHA RPMEFOKHA NBUUKH YUFTEVYFEMS. y LFK GEMSHA Bf 109F-6 PUOBEBBMY VPMEE MEZLINE DCHYZBFEMEN DB 601N, OP CH LPOUPMSI UNPOFYTPCHBMY EEE DCHB RKHMENEFB MG 17 CH DPRPMOOYE L PVSHYUOSCHN DMS RPЪDOYI "ZHTYDTYIPCH" R KHYLE MG 151/20 Y ZHAYEMSTSOSCHN RKHMENEFBN MG 17. CHETPSFOP, CHRPUMEDUFCHY YUBUFSH NBYO OENGSCH RETEPVPTHDPHBMY CH TBCHEDYUILY, YUEN Y PVIASUOSEPHUS CHETUIS zTYOB. mAVPRSHCHFOP PFNEFYFSH, YuFP YJCHEUFOSHCHK OENEGLYK "LURETF" b. zBMMBOD RPYEM EEE DBMSHYE H OBRTBCHMEOYY KHCHEMYUEOYS PZOECHPK NPEY "ZhTDTYIB" - ABOUT EZP HOILBMSHOPN Bf 109F-6/U CHPPTHTSEOYE UPUFPSMP YЪ NPFPT-RKHYLY MG 151/20, YUEFSHTEI RH MENEFPC MG 17 (DCHB YЪ OYI CH LTSHME) Y EEE DCHHI RPDLTSHMSHESHI RHOYEL MG /FF!

oENBMP RMBOETPCH UBNPMEFPCH Bf 109F YURPMSHЪPCHBMPUSH DMS RTPchedeoys TBMYUOSHI YUUMEDPCHBFEMSHULYI TBVPF. fBL, PDYO Bf 109F-2 (ЪБЧ. No. 9246) RTPIPDAYM YURSHCHFBOYS U YUEFSHTSHNS RHULPCCHNY KHUFTPKUFCHBNY EG 65 DMS 73-NN TBLEF TEKONEFBMM-vPTYZ RZ-65. yI NPTsOP VSHMP ЪBRKHULBFSH ЪBMRPN RP OBENOSCHN GEMSN YMY RMPFOSCCHN UFTPSN VPNVBTDYTPCHEYLPCH, OP UMPTsOPUFSH KHUFBOPCHLYY CHSHCHUPLPPE BTPDDYOBNYUUEULPE UPRTPFYCHMEOYE X UVBOPCHLY ЪBUFBCHYMY RTELTBFYFSH TBVPFSH. rPFEOGYBMSHOSHCHPNPTSOPUFY V-PVTBOBOPZP PRETEOYS YUUMEDPCHBMYUSH ABOUT Bf 109F-4 (ЪБЧ. No. 14003, VJ+WC). RETCHSHCHK RPMEF ABOUT OEN 21 SOCHBTS 1943 Z. UPCHETYM l. VBHT, B RPJTSE YURSHCHFBOYS RTDDPMTSYM w. WHEODEMSH. YURSHCHFBOYS OE CHCHCHCHYMY LBLYI-MYVP RTEINHEEUFCH V-PVTBOBZP PRETEOYS RP UTBCHOOYA U PVSHYUOSCHN, RTDPDPMSHOBS HUFPKYUYCHPUFSH DBCE UOYMBUSH, B HUYMYS, OEPVIPDYNSCHE DMS HDET TsBOYS UBNPMEFB RTY RTPVEZE ЪBNEFOP CHPTPUMY.

rTPFPFYR UBNPMEFB Bf 109V24 CHRPUMEDUFCHY YURPMSHЪPCHBMUS DMS RTDPDHCHPL H zEFFYOZEOE RPJAIEMTSOPZP TBDYBFPTB, TBTBVPFBOOPZP DMS Me 309, B ЪBFEN OB OEN CH YUUMED PCHBFEMSHULPN GEOFTE ZHITNSCH "lPDTPO-TEOP" RTPCHPDYMYUSH YUUMEDPCHBOYS RPZTBOYUOPZP UMPS. UBNPMEF Bf 109V23 RETEPVPTHDPCHBMY DMS YURSHCHFBOYK FTEILPMEUOPZP YBUUY YUFTEVYFEMS Me 309, DMS YuEZP VSCHMB KHUFBOPCHMEOB OEHVYTBAEBSSUS OPUPCHBS UFPKLB. Bf 109F-1 (ЪБЧ. No. 5642) RPD PVPOBYOOYEN V31 YURPMSHЪPCHBMUS DMS YURSHCHFBOYS YYTPPL TBUUFBCHMEOOOSCHI UFPEL YBUUY, KHVYTBENSCHI L MYOY UYNNEFTYY. ABOUT NBYOBI Bf 109-V30 Y V30a (Bf 109F-0 ЪБЧ. No. 5716 Y 5717) RTPYCHPDYMBUSH PFTBVPFLB ZETNPLBVYOSCH DMS Me 309.

rTEDRTYOINBMYUSH LURETYNEOFBMSHOSCH TBVPFSCH, CH IPDE LPFPTSCHI RMBOETSH Bf 109F PUOBEBMYUSH TBOSCHNY DCHYZBFEMSNY, CH FPN YUYUME NPFPTBNY CHPJDKHYOPZP PIMBTSDEOOYS. fBL, YJCHEUFOSCH PRSHFOSHCH "ZHTYDTYYY" U NPFPTBNY BMW-801 Y DBCE U BNETYLBOWLYNY "fCHYO xPURBNY". pDOKH YЪ NBYO PUOBUFYMY OPCHEKYYN UCHETINPEOSCHN Jumo-213, PDOBLP DBMSHOEKYEZP TBCHYFYS LFB RPRShchFLB OE RPMKHYYMB.