What formulas are needed for the exam in physics. Physics formulas that are recommended to be learned and mastered to successfully pass the Unified State Exam

The session is approaching, and it’s time for us to move from theory to practice. Over the weekend we sat down and thought that many students would benefit from having a collection of basic physics formulas at their fingertips. Dry formulas with explanation: short, concise, nothing superfluous. A very useful thing when solving problems, you know. And during an exam, when exactly what was memorized the day before might “jump out of your head,” such a selection will serve an excellent purpose.

The most problems are usually asked in the three most popular sections of physics. This Mechanics, thermodynamics And Molecular physics, electricity. Let's take them!

Basic formulas in physics dynamics, kinematics, statics

Let's start with the simplest. The good old favorite straight and uniform movement.

Kinematics formulas:

Of course, let's not forget about motion in a circle, and then we'll move on to dynamics and Newton's laws.

After dynamics, it’s time to consider the conditions of equilibrium of bodies and liquids, i.e. statics and hydrostatics

Now we present the basic formulas on the topic “Work and Energy”. Where would we be without them?

Basic formulas of molecular physics and thermodynamics

Let's finish the mechanics section with formulas for oscillations and waves and move on to molecular physics and thermodynamics.

The efficiency factor, the Gay-Lussac law, the Clapeyron-Mendeleev equation - all these formulas dear to the heart are collected below.

By the way! There is now a discount for all our readers 10% on .

Basic formulas in physics: electricity

It's time to move on to electricity, even though it is less popular than thermodynamics. Let's start with electrostatics.

And, to the beat of the drum, we end with formulas for Ohm’s law, electromagnetic induction and electromagnetic oscillations.

That's all. Of course, a whole mountain of formulas could be cited, but this is of no use. When there are too many formulas, you can easily get confused and even melt your brain. We hope our cheat sheet of basic physics formulas will help you solve your favorite problems faster and more efficiently. And if you want to clarify something or haven’t found the right formula: ask the experts student service. Our authors keep hundreds of formulas in their heads and crack problems like nuts. Contact us, and soon any task will be up to you.

They are absolutely necessary so that a person who decides to study this science, armed with them, can feel like a fish in water in the world of physics. Without knowledge of formulas, solving problems in physics is unthinkable. But it is almost impossible to remember all the formulas and it is important to know, especially for a young mind, where to find this or that formula and when to apply it.

The location of physical formulas in specialized textbooks is usually distributed among the corresponding sections among textual information, so searching for them there can take quite a lot of time, and even more so if you suddenly need them urgently!

Featured below physics cheat sheets contain all the basic formulas from the physics course, which will be useful to students of schools and universities.

All formulas of the school course in physics from the site http://4ege.ru
I. Kinematics download
1. Basic concepts
2. Laws of addition of velocities and accelerations
3. Normal and tangential acceleration
4. Types of movements
4.1. Uniform movement
4.1.1. Uniform linear movement
4.1.2. Uniform movement around a circle
4.2. Motion with constant acceleration
4.2.1. Uniformly accelerated motion
4.2.2. Equal slow motion
4.3. Harmonic motion
II. Dynamics download
1. Newton's second law
2. Theorem on the motion of the center of mass
3. Newton's third law
4. Powers
5. Gravitational force
6. Forces acting through contact
III. Conservation laws. Work and power download
1. Momentum of a material point
2. Momentum of a system of material points
3. Theorem on the change in momentum of a material point
4. Theorem on the change in momentum of a system of material points
5. Law of conservation of momentum
6. Work of force
7.Power
8. Mechanical energy
9. Mechanical energy theorem
10. Law of conservation of mechanical energy
11. Dissipative forces
12. Methods for calculating work
13. Time average force
IV. Statics and hydrostatics download
1. Equilibrium conditions
2. Torque
3. Unstable equilibrium, stable equilibrium, indifferent equilibrium
4. Center of mass, center of gravity
5. Hydrostatic pressure force
6. Fluid pressure
7. Pressure at any point in the liquid
8, 9. Pressure in a homogeneous fluid at rest
10. Archimedean force
V. Thermal phenomena download
1. Mendeleev-Clapeyron equation
2. Dalton's Law
3. Basic MKT equation
4. Gas laws
5. First law of thermodynamics
6. Adiabatic process
7. Efficiency of a cyclic process (heat engine)
8. Saturated steam
VI. Electrostatics download
1. Coulomb's law
2. Superposition principle
3. Electric field
3.1. Strength and potential of the electric field created by one point charge Q
3.2. The intensity and potential of the electric field created by a system of point charges Q1, Q2, ...
3.3. Tension and potential of the electric field created by a sphere uniformly charged over the surface
3.4. Strength and potential of a uniform electric field (created by a uniformly charged plane or flat capacitor)
4. Potential energy of a system of electric charges
5. Electrical capacity
6. Properties of a conductor in an electric field
VII. DC current download
1. Ordered speed
2. Current strength
3. Current density
4. Ohm's law for a section of the circuit that does not contain EMF
5. Ohm's law for a section of a circuit containing EMF
6. Ohm's law for a complete (closed) circuit
7. Series connection of conductors
8. Parallel connection of conductors
9. Work and power of electric current
10. Electrical circuit efficiency
11. Condition for releasing maximum power to the load
12. Faraday's law for electrolysis
VIII. Magnetic phenomena download
1. Magnetic field
2. Movement of charges in a magnetic field
3. Frame with current in a magnetic field
4. Magnetic fields created by various currents
5. Interaction of currents
6. The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction
7. The phenomenon of self-induction
IX. Oscillations and waves download
1. Oscillations, definitions
2. Harmonic vibrations
3. The simplest oscillatory systems
4. Wave
X. Optics download
1. Law of reflection
2. Law of refraction
3. Lens
4. Image
5. Possible cases of item location
6. Interference
7. Diffraction

Big cheat sheet on physics. All formulas are presented in a compact form with small comments. The cheat sheet also contains useful constants and other information. The file contains the following physics sections:

Mechanics (kinematics, dynamics and statics)


Molecular physics. Properties of gases and liquids


Thermodynamics


Electrical and electromagnetic phenomena


Electrodynamics. D.C


Electromagnetism


Oscillations and waves. Optics. Acoustics


Quantum physics and relativity

Small spur in physics. Everything you need for the exam. A compilation of basic physics formulas on one page. Not very aesthetically pleasing, but practical. :-)

As a rule, it is mathematics, and not physics, that is considered to be the queen of the exact sciences. We believe that this statement is controversial, because technical progress is impossible without knowledge of physics and its development. Due to its complexity, it is unlikely to ever be included in the list of mandatory state exams, but, one way or another, applicants to technical specialties have to take it without fail. The most difficult thing is to remember the numerous laws and formulas in physics for the Unified State Exam; we will talk about them in this article.

Secrets of preparation

Perhaps this is due to the apparent complexity of the subject or the popularity of professions in the humanities and management, but in 2016 only 24% of all applicants decided to take physics, in 2017 - only 16%. Such statistics involuntarily make one wonder whether the requirements are too high or whether the level of intelligence in the country is simply falling. For some reason I can’t believe that so few 11th grade students want to become:

• engineers;
• jewelers;
• aircraft designers;
• geologists;
• pyrotechnicians;
• ecologists,
• production technologists, etc.

Knowledge of the formulas and laws of physics is equally necessary for developers of intelligent systems, computer technology, equipment and weapons. At the same time, everything is interconnected. For example, specialists producing medical equipment once studied an in-depth course in atomic physics, because without isotope separation, we will have neither X-ray equipment nor radiation therapy. Therefore, the creators of the Unified State Exam tried to take into account all the topics of the school course and, it seems, did not miss a single one.

Those students who regularly attended all physics lessons until the last bell know that in the period from 5th to 11th grade about 450 formulas are studied. It is extremely difficult to single out at least 50 of these four and a half hundred, since they are all important. The developers of the Codifier obviously also adhere to a similar opinion. However, if you are unusually gifted and not limited in time, 19 formulas will be enough for you, because if you wish, you can derive all the rest from them. We decided to take the main sections as a basis:

• mechanics;
• molecular physics;
• electromagnetism and electricity;
• optics;
• atomic physics.

Obviously, preparation for the Unified State Exam should be daily, but if for some reason you have started studying all the material only now, a real miracle can be accomplished by the express course offered by our center. We hope these 19 formulas will also be useful to you:

You probably noticed that some physics formulas for passing the Unified State Exam were left without explanation? We leave it to you to study them yourself and discover the laws by which absolutely everything is done in this world.

In order to successfully prepare for the CT in physics and mathematics, among other things, it is necessary to fulfill three most important conditions:

1. Study all topics and complete all tests and assignments given in the educational materials on this site. To do this, you need nothing at all, namely: devote three to four hours every day to preparing for the CT in physics and mathematics, studying theory and solving problems. The fact is that the CT is an exam where it is not enough just to know physics or mathematics, you also need to be able to quickly and without failures solve a large number of problems on different topics and of varying complexity. The latter can only be learned by solving thousands of problems.
2. Learn all the formulas and laws in physics, and formulas and methods in mathematics. In fact, this is also very simple to do; there are only about 200 necessary formulas in physics, and even a little less in mathematics. In each of these subjects there are about a dozen standard methods for solving problems of a basic level of complexity, which can also be learned, and thus, completely automatically and without difficulty solving most of the CT at the right time. After this, you will only have to think about the most difficult tasks.
3. Attend all three stages of rehearsal testing in physics and mathematics. Each RT can be visited twice to decide on both options. Again, on the CT, in addition to the ability to quickly and efficiently solve problems, and knowledge of formulas and methods, you must also be able to properly plan time, distribute forces, and most importantly, correctly fill out the answer form, without confusing the numbers of answers and problems, or your own last name. Also, during RT, it is important to get used to the style of asking questions in problems, which may seem very unusual to an unprepared person at the DT.

Successful, diligent and responsible implementation of these three points will allow you to show an excellent result at the CT, the maximum of what you are capable of.

Found a mistake?

If you think you have found an error in the training materials, please write about it by email. You can also report an error on the social network (). In the letter, indicate the subject (physics or mathematics), the name or number of the topic or test, the number of the problem, or the place in the text (page) where, in your opinion, there is an error. Also describe what the suspected error is. Your letter will not go unnoticed, the error will either be corrected, or you will be explained why it is not an error.

Cheat sheet with formulas in physics for the Unified State Exam

Cheat sheet with formulas in physics for the Unified State Exam

And not only (may be needed for grades 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11). First, a picture that can be printed in a compact form.

And not only (may be needed for grades 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11). First, a picture that can be printed in a compact form.

Cheat sheet with formulas in physics for the Unified State Exam and more (may be needed for grades 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11).

and more (may be needed for grades 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11).

And then a Word file that contains all the formulas to print, which are located at the bottom of the article.

Mechanics

1. Pressure P=F/S
2. Density ρ=m/V
3. Pressure at liquid depth P=ρ∙g∙h
4. Gravity Ft=mg
5. 5. Archimedean force Fa=ρ f ∙g∙Vt
6. Equation of motion for uniformly accelerated motion

X=X 0 + υ 0 ∙t+(a∙t 2)/2 S=( υ 2 -υ 0 2) /2a S=( υ +υ 0) ∙t /2

1. Velocity equation for uniformly accelerated motion υ =υ 0 +a∙t
2. Acceleration a=( υ -υ 0)/t
3. Circular speed υ =2πR/T
4. Centripetal acceleration a= υ 2/R
5. Relationship between period and frequency ν=1/T=ω/2π
6. Newton's II law F=ma
7. Hooke's law Fy=-kx
8. Law of Gravity F=G∙M∙m/R 2
9. Weight of a body moving with acceleration a P=m(g+a)
10. Weight of a body moving with acceleration а↓ Р=m(g-a)
11. Friction force Ftr=µN
12. Body momentum p=m υ
13. Force impulse Ft=∆p
14. Moment of force M=F∙ℓ
15. Potential energy of a body raised above the ground Ep=mgh
16. Potential energy of an elastically deformed body Ep=kx 2 /2
17. Kinetic energy of the body Ek=m υ 2 /2
18. Work A=F∙S∙cosα
19. Power N=A/t=F∙ υ
20. Efficiency η=Ap/Az
21. Oscillation period of a mathematical pendulum T=2π√ℓ/g
22. Oscillation period of a spring pendulum T=2 π √m/k
23. Equation of harmonic vibrations Х=Хmax∙cos ωt
24. Relationship between wavelength, its speed and period λ= υ T

Molecular physics and thermodynamics

1. Amount of substance ν=N/Na
2. Molar mass M=m/ν
3. Wed. kin. energy of monatomic gas molecules Ek=3/2∙kT
4. Basic MKT equation P=nkT=1/3nm 0 υ 2
5. Gay-Lussac's law (isobaric process) V/T =const
6. Charles's law (isochoric process) P/T =const
7. Relative humidity φ=P/P 0 ∙100%
8. Int. energy ideal. monatomic gas U=3/2∙M/µ∙RT
9. Gas work A=P∙ΔV
10. Boyle's law - Mariotte (isothermal process) PV=const
11. Amount of heat during heating Q=Cm(T 2 -T 1)
12. Amount of heat during melting Q=λm
13. Amount of heat during vaporization Q=Lm
14. Amount of heat during fuel combustion Q=qm
15. Equation of state of an ideal gas PV=m/M∙RT
16. First law of thermodynamics ΔU=A+Q
17. Efficiency of heat engines η= (Q 1 - Q 2)/ Q 1
18. Efficiency is ideal. engines (Carnot cycle) η= (T 1 - T 2)/ T 1

Electrostatics and electrodynamics - formulas in physics

1. Coulomb's law F=k∙q 1 ∙q 2 /R 2
2. Electric field strength E=F/q
3. Electrical tension point charge field E=k∙q/R 2
4. Surface charge density σ = q/S
5. Electrical tension fields of an infinite plane E=2πkσ
6. Dielectric constant ε=E 0 /E
7. Potential energy of interaction. charges W= k∙q 1 q 2 /R
8. Potential φ=W/q
9. Point charge potential φ=k∙q/R
10. Voltage U=A/q
11. For a uniform electric field U=E∙d
12. Electric capacity C=q/U
13. Electric capacity of a flat capacitor C=S∙ ε ∙ε 0 /d
14. Energy of a charged capacitor W=qU/2=q²/2С=CU²/2
15. Current strength I=q/t
16. Conductor resistance R=ρ∙ℓ/S
17. Ohm's law for the circuit section I=U/R
18. Laws of the last. connections I 1 =I 2 =I, U 1 +U 2 =U, R 1 +R 2 =R
19. Laws parallel. conn. U 1 =U 2 =U, I 1 +I 2 =I, 1/R 1 +1/R 2 =1/R
20. Electric current power P=I∙U
21. Joule-Lenz law Q=I 2 Rt
22. Ohm's law for a complete circuit I=ε/(R+r)
23. Short circuit current (R=0) I=ε/r
24. Magnetic induction vector B=Fmax/ℓ∙I
25. Ampere power Fa=IBℓsin α
26. Lorentz force Fl=Bqυsin α
27. Magnetic flux Ф=BSсos α Ф=LI
28. Law of electromagnetic induction Ei=ΔФ/Δt
29. Induction emf in a moving conductor Ei=Вℓ υ sinα
30. Self-induction EMF Esi=-L∙ΔI/Δt
31. Coil magnetic field energy Wm=LI 2 /2
32. Oscillation period no. circuit T=2π ∙√LC
33. Inductive reactance X L =ωL=2πLν
34. Capacitance Xc=1/ωC
35. Effective current value Id=Imax/√2,
36. Effective voltage value Uд=Umax/√2
37. Impedance Z=√(Xc-X L) 2 +R 2

Optics

1. Law of light refraction n 21 =n 2 /n 1 = υ 1 / υ 2
2. Refractive index n 21 =sin α/sin γ
3. Thin lens formula 1/F=1/d + 1/f
4. Lens optical power D=1/F
5. max interference: Δd=kλ,
6. min interference: Δd=(2k+1)λ/2
7. Differential grid d∙sin φ=k λ

The quantum physics

1. Einstein's formula for the photoelectric effect hν=Aout+Ek, Ek=U z e
2. Red border of the photoelectric effect ν k = Aout/h
3. Photon momentum P=mc=h/ λ=E/s

Physics of the atomic nucleus

1. Law of radioactive decay N=N 0 ∙2 - t / T
2. Binding energy of atomic nuclei

E CB =(Zm p +Nm n -Мя)∙c 2

ONE HUNDRED

1. t=t 1 /√1-υ 2 /c 2
2. ℓ=ℓ 0 ∙√1-υ 2 /c 2
3. υ 2 =(υ 1 +υ)/1+ υ 1 ∙υ/c 2
4. E = m With 2