When to switch to winter time. What date and what time the clock is set to daylight saving time. Who first proposed to change the clock

On the night of Saturday to Sunday, October 28, 2018, the EU countries will synchronously move the arrows back one hour. Most likely they will do it one last time. As a result of the referendum, the European Commission decided that from 2019 the clock will no longer be changed.

Last clock change

• Who invented this?
• Impact on health
• Situation in Europe

Until April 2019, each EU country must decide on what time it stays - for winter or summer. There are fears that the picture of time zones in the European Union will change chaotically. On the other hand, it can, on the contrary, be harmonized if neighboring countries agree with each other.

Who invented this?

At the equator of the Earth, the same length of day and night remains all year round: 12 hours each. There are no problems with sleep disturbances, energy conservation, and so on. In winter, sunrise and sunset occur at almost the same time as in summer. Unfortunately, this is not the case at other latitudes. Due to the tilt of the earth's axis of 23.44 °, the solstices and equinoxes occur at different times of the year. In other words, in the northern hemisphere, a summer day is longer than a winter day.

Sunrise and sunset times throughout the year with and without daylight saving time, time in Greenwich (UK). Data from the Daylight Chart program

Hence the idea of \u200b\u200btransferring the clock hands to daylight saving time was born. The idea belongs to New Zealand entomologist and amateur astronomer George Hudson. In 1895, he submitted an article to the Wellington Philosophical Society proposing a two-hour shift of the clock hands to "preserve daylight." The article was published in 1898.

The idea was noticed in England, where the aristocrat and businessman William Willett became its main propagandist. In 1907, using his own money, he published and disseminated a pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight". According to his proposal, the clock should be set every Sunday in April by 20 minutes at 2 a.m. (only 80 minutes in April), and on Sundays in September - in the opposite direction according to the same scheme. This will save England £ 2.5m in lighting costs.

Purely scientific ideas from "nerds" rarely attract the attention of influential political circles. But in this case it happened. It is possible that William Willett's golf club acquaintance, parliamentarian William Pearce, presented the idea to the British Parliament on February 12, 1908, but it was never accepted, although Willett promoted it until his death in 1915.

The first to officially introduce summer time was the German Empire and its ally Austria-Hungary during the First World War in order to save coal in wartime. This significant event took place on April 30, 1916.

The example of the enemy was immediately followed by Great Britain and the Allies. Russia and several other countries waited until next year, and the US introduced daylight saving time in 1918.

First time changeover to DST in Ohio, United States

After the war, most countries abandoned the translation of clocks, but with the outbreak of World War II, it was again used almost everywhere.

In recent years, several countries have canceled daylight saving time, including Russia and Belarus in 2011. But in Russia, the reform caused public complaints about the darkness in the mornings, so daylight saving time was returned in 2014. The translation of arrows was canceled in Argentina, Canada, Kazakhstan, Iceland, Turkey and other countries. Now the turn has come to the European Union.

Impact on health

Scientific research shows conflicting results regarding the health effects of clock shifts. Depending on where the person lives and how they live, converting arrows can give the body more daylight, which increases vitamin D production. There is research that suggests converting arrows can be beneficial for those suffering from depression.

On the other hand, shifting the arrows increases the risk of heart attack by 10%, disrupts sleep and reduces its effectiveness. Human biorhythms go astray and within a few weeks are adjusted to a new schedule (1, 2). Studies show that within a few weeks after the spring transfer of arrows, the number of suicides in men increases.

Sleep disturbances are the main negative consequence of switching clocks, so now some doctors recommend abandoning DST (daylight saving time). In many countries, disputes on this topic have been going on for decades.

Saving energy is generally called a myth: studies have shown that lighting costs are practically unchanged as a result of clock adjustments. An order of magnitude more savings is provided by the transition to LED-lamps and "smart" sensors.

Situation in Europe

In Europe, a universal transition to daylight saving time was introduced in 1996: all countries simultaneously moved the hands one hour forward on the last Sunday in March and one hour back on the last Sunday in October. Now this rule is canceled. Tweet from European Transport Commissioner Violeta Bulc:

Traditionally, the transport industry suffers most from the translation of the arrows and the need to change the timetables, so Violet's joy is understandable. She hopes that the European Parliament and national governments will quickly coordinate their actions, and calls for the start of "consultations at the state level to ensure a coordinated approach for all members of the European Union."

Time zones in the European Union

Until April 2019, each EU country must decide on what time it stays - for winter or summer.

The decision of the European Commission is based on the results of an online survey, which was attended by 4.6 million people in Europe. It is curious that 3 million of them represented Germany, that is, the representativeness of the survey is rather doubtful.

However, 80% of respondents voted to abolish daylight saving time. European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker said on the air of ZDF: "People want it, then we will do it." Chancellor Angela Merkel also agreed that this is "a very important issue." published

If you have any questions on this topic, ask the experts and readers of our project.

Transitioning to different times is not new for most countries. Quite recently, for us it was a familiar thing. However, not so long ago, the Russian Federation abandoned this practice. I wonder if there will be daylight saving time in Russia in 2018?

This question arose not by chance on the eve of the New Year. Many deputies continue to discuss the expediency of changing the time. Who knows, maybe the supporters of changing the clock hands will win in the State Duma, and then the whole country will have to get used to living according to the changed time again.

Why did they start talking about the transfer of arrows again?

As you know, in our country, not the best times have come again. After the “fat decade”, when oil was worth more than a hundred dollars, the belt-tightening period began. Now in our country the issue of saving money is very acute. There is not enough money for the most important social programs. In this regard, they again remembered the cost savings that can be achieved when switching to different times. According to experts, the rational use of daylight hours can save up to 4 billion rubles. This money could go to the most acute items of the state budget. That is why more and more parliamentarians are inclined to think that it is time to move the clock again.

When did daylight saving time first change?

In the last century, experiments were made not only in industry, science and agriculture. All aspects of people's lives were completely changed. The idea for daylight saving time originated in the UK. In 1908, this country decided on a bold experiment, and all the clock hands were moved forward one hour. This was done with the aim of more rational use of daylight hours. During those years, the First World War was going on, and savings were urgently needed. I must say that the innovation yielded results. It is no coincidence that in 1918 they ventured on such an experiment:

• Austria;
• Germany;

Russia supported such an initiative six months earlier. It was also important for her to save energy. The Provisional Government ordered in the spring to move all clocks forward an hour, and in the fall - an hour back. In such conditions, it was easy to regulate the length of the working day.

What happened in the USSR and the Russian Federation

However, the innovation did not take root in Russia. Many regions and territories of our vast country refused to fulfill the orders of the government, especially since Russia was already on the eve of a new revolution. The country is in real chaos. The state did not live in a single, understandable time for the whole country. It is no coincidence that with the advent of the new government, the decrees of the previous government were canceled. At that difficult time, there was a question of saving the country, not saving.

The Soviet government returned to this question only twelve years later. All clock hands in the USSR were moved one hour ahead. Thus, the new government wanted to achieve savings and raise the economy of the young state. The country has lived in this state for almost fifty years. This period went down in history as "decree time". The experiments did not end there over time. In 1981, the Government of the USSR made a decision to move the clock an additional hour ahead. One got the impression that the officials had forgotten what happened half a century ago. Thus, the Soviet Union has already deviated from the real time by two hours. Such reorganization games led to confusion over time in various regions. It got to the point that in the spring many regions did not move the arrows forward, but in the fall they returned together with the whole country one hour back.

Also, experiments continued with the time of entering summer and winter time. The first three years after the introduction of the next innovation, the arrows were translated on April 1 in the spring, and on October 1 in the fall. Then they decided to carry out the corresponding procedure on the last Sunday of March and the same day in September. These dates changed every year, which added new complications. It all ended with the fall of the Soviet state. Union republics, one after another, began to abandon the practice of changing times. The situation in Russia was eventually saved only by the restoration of administrative time zones.

This table best shows what kind of bacchanalia took place in Russia in the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries.

Before 1917	In the Russian Empire, the local mean solar time was in effect, and in transport it was Petersburg time.
1917-1921	Some regions of Russia are switching to daylight saving time, with some regions for 1 hour and others for 2 hours.
1924 g.	Standard time is accepted throughout Russia.
1930 g.	The Council of People's Commissars introduces daylight saving time throughout the USSR, including Russia (daylight saving time).
1957 g.	New time zone boundaries are being set. In some regions, the time has changed one hour forward or backward. (that is, daylight saving time has ceased to apply)
1973 g.	Daylight saving time is canceled in a number of regions of Russia.
1981 year	Daylight saving time entry.
1988-1991	The cancellation of daylight saving time continues in some regions of the USSR and Russia.
08.01.92	Restoring daylight saving time throughout Russia. Clocks in most of the Russian Federation are set forward one hour.
2009 year	Reducing time zones.
2011 r.	Winter time is canceled. The country moves the clock hands forward one hour without returning them back in the fall.
2014	Attempts to abolish daylight saving time by the deputies of the State. Duma.

Will there be a clock change in 2018?

The confrontation between Duma deputies and officials of the Russian government continues even now. Many MPs representing their region are dissatisfied with the law "On the calculation of time". They insist on studying the effect of constant summer time on the human body. The Government of the Russian Federation, in turn, adopted a decree on strengthening explanatory work in educational institutions and the media on the advisability of canceling seasonal changes in time. Parliamentarians continue to defend their point of view on the benefits of switching to daylight saving time and returning to time zones instead of time zones.

Judging by the intensity of passions and the experience of senseless reform in our country, anything can happen. It may happen that many will again be interested in the question: "When do the clocks switch to summer time, or what date should we switch to winter time?"

As you know, time is shifted forward one hour in spring and back one hour in autumn. But many people, despite the fact that this is a well-known fact, forget about it. Fortunately, the translation is carried out from Saturday to Sunday, when most working or students have days off. But it is still important to know when to change the clock this year and what modern gadgets do it automatically.

Time change dates one hour forward and backward in 2018

Europe sets its clocks to daylight saving time forward one hour on 03/25/2018. This does not apply only to Belarus, Russia and Iceland, which canceled the change of the time regime. The clock hands are usually shifted between 1:00 and 4:00. This change in time allows to increase the "duration of daylight in the evening" and, accordingly, has a positive effect on labor productivity, although this fact is controversial .. Since this happens on the last night from Saturday to Sunday of the month, the dates change every year.

On October 28, 2018, at 2.00 a.m., the transition to winter time will take place. The hands of the clock must be set back one hour. In order to remember exactly where to move the clock hands - forward or backward, there is a saying: “spring forward in spring, fall back in fall”.

At the moment, only 100 countries out of 192 change the hands of the clock twice a year. For example, on the African continent, only 3 countries change the hour mode. Others consider it inappropriate to change the clock regime, while the governments of others have never even thought about whether and when to change the clock. In Australia, Canada and the USA, clocks are only partially translated by some regions or cities.

Russia stopped changing the hour mode back in 2014; this practice is now valid throughout the Russian Federation.

How does the translation of time affect a person?

In spring, when the time decreases by an hour, a person automatically does not get enough sleep for 60 minutes. In winter, on the other hand, everyone has an extra hour of sleep. Until now, all over the world, there are discussions about the degree of influence of the transfer of clocks on a person.

For example, supporters of the translation insist that changing the clock in the winter time allows you to reduce the number of accidents on the roads and save electricity, which is important in the cold season.

Some who are hypersensitive to the slightest personality changes suffer from lack of sleep, especially when the clock is set to daylight saving time. But, as a rule, it goes away after a day or two. In winter, this does not cause significant inconvenience, since an additional hour appears to devote it either to your favorite work, or to do morning exercises or soak up one more time in a warm bed.

There are also opponents of this idea, who every year insist on the inexpediency of moving the clock, since this negatively affects both the person and his activities. Due to these reasons, many countries canceled the change in the hour mode back in 1992. These include Belarus, Moldova, Azerbaijan.

In order to avoid the negative impact of the modification and the amount of time in the day, it is worth preparing your body for this process in advance. So, a week before the spring time change, it is worth getting up 30 minutes earlier than usual. Thus, the body will gradually rebuild itself by the new time. It is also worth going to bed early. This will allow the whole body to rest more, and then the person will wake up full of energy and strength.

Does the automatic transfer of watches take place on modern gadgets?

All gadgets, including phones, smartphones and computer equipment that have an Internet connection, are automatically translated. Therefore, the question: "What date should the clock be set to daylight saving time?" - is purely for informational purposes. Modern technology does it all for a person. In 2018, the transition to summer time will occur on March 25, and to winter time on October 28.

In anticipation of the transition to daylight saving time, many Russians are sure that in 2018 the time change will definitely return to Russia. So far, in response to this question, as every year, at the level of discussions, the authorities have not officially announced anything.

Who first suggested changing the clock?

The idea of \u200b\u200bwhen to change the clock and why it is needed was first put forward in 1784 by Benjamin Franklin. Franklin's 78-year-old essay, The Economic Project, was found amusing, although he clearly explained his proposal and backed it up with facts. In his opinion, the transition to daylight saving time was necessary for people so that they spend less money on expensive candles and artificial lighting, and can simply continue their work in daylight. All his conclusions in the essay Benjamin confirmed with averaged figures, clearly indicating cost savings. Then no one took this idea into account, as he considered it a ridiculous trick of a "sick and elderly" person.

Subsequently, moving the clock forward or backward, depending on the season, was proposed by William Willett in 1907. Based on his research, Willett proposed moving the clocks forward 80 minutes in April and 80 minutes backward in September. But the first time the clock was translated, as it is now, took place in 1916. During World War II, the clock was changed only on May 21, as they forgot to do it in April.

After more than a year's break, without waiting for a return meeting with Khabib Nurmagomedov, on Saturday January 18, 2020 (in Russia it will already be the morning of January 19, 2020) an Irish fighter Conor Anthony McGregor will reappear in the octagon, to the delight of its many fans.

Former UFC champion Conor McGregor will fight an American mixed martial arts fighter Donald Anthony Cerrone, also known as " Cowboy".

36-year-old Donald Cerrone is ranked 5th in the UFC ranking, weighs 77 kg with a height of 183 cm (according to other data - 185 cm) and won 36 of 50 fights. It should be noted that the last 2 years in Cerrone's career has a "black streak" - in 6 out of 10 fights he was defeated (including from Tony Ferguson, who, we recall, in 2020 should meet with McGregor's "offender" - Khabib).

That is, who will McGregor fight on January 18, 2020:
* with Donald Cerrone ("Cowboy").

Where will Conor McGregor fight on January 18 (19), 2020:

Venue Conor McGregor vs "Cowboy" Cerrone - "T-Mobile Arena" in Las Vegas (USA, Nevada).

The fight will be the headliner (main event) of the tournament " Ufc 246".

In the T-Mobile arena, UFC events are infrequent, about 3 times a year. And just here, on October 6 last year, McGregor suffered his "extreme" defeat. Therefore, the choice of this particular site for his next fight looks like an attempt to furnish the upcoming fight as a kind of "revenge", an opportunity to rehabilitate himself before the fans.

What time will the Conor McGregor fight start on January 18 (19), 2020, where to watch:

The start time for UFC 246 is 3:00 pm local time on January 18, 2020 (2:00 am ET on January 19, 2020, since the time difference between Las Vegas and Moscow is 11 hours).

The fighting map of the tournament includes 12 fights, of which the fight between Conor McGregor and Donald Cerrone will be the final one. Fighters will enter the ring closer to 8 am "Moscow time" January 19, 2020

Live meeting McGregor - Cerrone will show tV channel "REN TV"... The start of the television broadcast dedicated to this event is scheduled for 06:30 Moscow time.

That is, the fight of Conor McGregor on January 18 (19), 2020:
* what time it starts - after 6:30 am Moscow time.
* where to watch - on the REN TV channel.

When to swim at Epiphany 2020:

Swimming in the ice hole for Epiphany in 2020 should be on the night of January 18-19, 2020 (Saturday to Sunday), or during the day 19.01.2020.

Approximate working hours of the hot tubs (check for your bathing place):
* from 23:00 January 18, 2020 to 04:00 January 19, 2020
* from 12:00 to 18:00 during the day on January 19, 2020

Many believe that the procedure of ablution in ice water allows you to completely wash away your sins, but this is not the case. The rite of swimming in an ice hole has a different meaning: it gives people the opportunity to strengthen their will by performing a courageous act, give a positive impulse to health, get a boost of vivacity and improve mood.

When and how to guess at Epiphany 2020:

It is believed that the best time for fortune telling on this winter holiday is night from 18 to 19 January 2020There are many divinations that allow you to open the veil of the future, and if you are ready for this, we will tell you about some of them.

One of the oldest fortune-telling, popular to this day, is called " Passer-by"and allows you to find out the name of the future groom, as well as some of his" special features ", such as height, color of eyes and hair, shape of the nose, etc. To do this, you should go outside at midnight and ask the name of the first man you meet, and also take a closer look at those details of his appearance that interest you.

You can get a hint about the future using the second method, which is called " Fortune telling on the bookTo do this, we find a serious book, best of all a classic work of Russian literature, ask a question, name the page and line numbers that come to mind, open and read the first full sentence.

Message from the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly on January 15, 2020 - where the announcement will take place:

On Wednesday January 15, 2020 President of Russia Vladimir Putin will make another message to the Federal Assembly... This is one of the three most anticipated annual speeches of Vladimir Putin to be broadcast live, along with a press conference and a live stream.

Venue activities will become Moscow Manege (Central Exhibition Hall, located at: Manezhnaya Square, 1).

What will the President's Address to the Federal Assembly be in 2020:

The President's message to the Federal Assembly on January 15, 2020 will be 26th in a row in Russian history, and By the 16th performance of V.V. Putin (Boris Yeltsin also addressed the Address 6 times, and Dmitry Medvedev 4 times).

What time will Putin's Address to the Federal Assembly begin on January 15, 2020, where to watch:

The start of Putin's appeal to the parliament of the Russian Federation is scheduled for January 15, 2020. at 12:00 Moscow time.

Below we tell you where to watch the President's Address 2020 online and live.

On the Internet, online broadcasting, as well as viewing the message in the recording, will be available:
* on the website of the organizer of the appeal of the Head of State - a television company VGTRK.

Live Putin's Message to the Federal Assembly will be shown on the following channels:
* "First", "Russia 1", "OTR", "Mir" .

You can not only watch the message to the Federal Assembly 2020, but also listen to it on radio stations:
* "Mayak" and "Radio Russia".

In Ukraine, takes place on the last Sunday of October. To find out when to change the clock to winter in Ukraine in 2019, just look at the calendar.

The last Sunday in October 2019 falls on the 27th. It means that on the night of October 26-27, 2019 there is a transition to winter in Ukraine. The clock must be set back an hour.

Where and when to transfer the arrows to the winter time in Ukraine

The hands of the clock are usually set back an hour in advance in the evening. And all modern gadgets, in which the country of the location is correctly indicated, independently switch to at night.

Where to translate the clock to winter time, many do not manage to remember. It will be easier to cope with this if you remember that in the fall we move the clock hands back: in the fall - back, in the spring - forward.

Due to the transition to winter time, it dawns earlier in the morning and darkens faster in the evening. Switching to winter time gives us the opportunity to sleep an hour longer in the morning.

How does the transition to winter time affect health?

Scientists argue that shifting clocks causes stress in the body due to the fact that the circadian rhythm gets lost, and the person gets a mini version of the jet lag, although he did not go anywhere and did not change the time zone.

Research also says that in the first days after changing the clock, the risk of heart attacks increases by 10%.

Some people need to adapt at least three weeks to get used to the new time. To make the transition to winter time 2019 less painful for you, follow a few simple rules:

• try to go to bed no later than 22: 00-23: 00 three days before switching the clock to winter time;
• give up coffee and strong black tea at least for a while;
• try to go for an hour walk in the fresh air before bed;
• in the meantime, ventilate your home.

Now you know when the clock in Ukraine is changed to winter time in 2019 and what you need to do to transfer this transfer painlessly.